2024-06-19 14:11:52 +08:00

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Rust
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// try_from_into.rs
//
// TryFrom 是一種簡單且安全的類型轉換,在某些情況下可能會以可控制的方式失敗。基本上,這與 From 類似。主要的區別在於這應該返回一個 Result 類型,而不是目標類型本身。你可以在 https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html 閱讀更多相關資訊。
//
// 執行 `rustlings hint try_from_into` 或使用 `hint` 子命令來獲取提示。
use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
struct Color {
red: u8,
green: u8,
blue: u8,
}
// 我們將使用這個錯誤類型來進行 `TryFrom` 轉換。
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
enum IntoColorError {
// 切片長度不正確
BadLen,
// 整數轉換錯誤
IntConversion,
}
// I AM NOT DONE
// 你的任務是完成此實現並返回內部類型為 Color 的 Ok 結果。你需要為三個整數的元組、三個整數的數組和整數的切片創建實現。
// 請注意,元組和數組的實現將在編譯時檢查,但切片實現需要檢查切片的長度!還要注意,正確的 RGB 顏色值必須是範圍在 0..=255 內的整數。
// 元組實現
impl TryFrom<(i16, i16, i16)> for Color {
type Error = IntoColorError;
fn try_from(tuple: (i16, i16, i16)) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
}
}
// 數組實現
impl TryFrom<[i16; 3]> for Color {
type Error = IntoColorError;
fn try_from(arr: [i16; 3]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
}
}
// 切片實現
impl TryFrom<&[i16]> for Color {
type Error = IntoColorError;
fn try_from(slice: &[i16]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
}
}
fn main() {
// 使用 `try_from` 函數
let c1 = Color::try_from((183, 65, 14));
println!("{:?}", c1);
// 由於 Color 實現了 TryFrom我們應該能夠使用 TryInto
let c2: Result<Color, _> = [183, 65, 14].try_into();
println!("{:?}", c2);
let v = vec![183, 65, 14];
// 使用切片我們應該使用 `try_from` 函數
let c3 = Color::try_from(&v[..]);
println!("{:?}", c3);
// 或在圓括號內使用切片並使用 TryInto
let c4: Result<Color, _> = (&v[..]).try_into();
println!("{:?}", c4);
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_tuple_out_of_range_positive() {
assert_eq!(
Color::try_from((256, 1000, 10000)),
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
);
}
#[test]
fn test_tuple_out_of_range_negative() {
assert_eq!(
Color::try_from((-1, -10, -256)),
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
);
}
#[test]
fn test_tuple_sum() {
assert_eq!(
Color::try_from((-1, 255, 255)),
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
);
}
#[test]
fn test_tuple_correct() {
let c: Result<Color, _> = (183, 65, 14).try_into();
assert!(c.is_ok());
assert_eq!(
c.unwrap(),
Color {
red: 183,
green: 65,
blue: 14
}
);
}
#[test]
fn test_array_out_of_range_positive() {
let c: Result<Color, _> = [1000, 10000, 256].try_into();
assert_eq!(c, Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion));
}
#[test]
fn test_array_out_of_range_negative() {
let c: Result<Color, _> = [-10, -256, -1].try_into();
assert_eq!(c, Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion));
}
#[test]
fn test_array_sum() {
let c: Result<Color, _> = [-1, 255, 255].try_into();
assert_eq!(c, Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion));
}
#[test]
fn test_array_correct() {
let c: Result<Color, _> = [183, 65, 14].try_into();
assert!(c.is_ok());
assert_eq!(
c.unwrap(),
Color {
red: 183,
green: 65,
blue: 14
}
);
}
#[test]
fn test_slice_out_of_range_positive() {
let arr = [10000, 256, 1000];
assert_eq!(
Color::try_from(&arr[..]),
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
);
}
#[test]
fn test_slice_out_of_range_negative() {
let arr = [-256, -1, -10];
assert_eq!(
Color::try_from(&arr[..]),
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
);
}
#[test]
fn test_slice_sum() {
let arr = [-1, 255, 255];
assert_eq!(
Color::try_from(&arr[..]),
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
);
}
#[test]
fn test_slice_correct() {
let v = vec![183, 65, 14];
let c: Result<Color, _> = Color::try_from(&v[..]);
assert!(c.is_ok());
assert_eq!(
c.unwrap(),
Color {
red: 183,
green: 65,
blue: 14
}
);
}
#[test]
fn test_slice_excess_length() {
let v = vec![0, 0, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(Color::try_from(&v[..]), Err(IntoColorError::BadLen));
}
#[test]
fn test_slice_insufficient_length() {
let v = vec![0, 0];
assert_eq!(Color::try_from(&v[..]), Err(IntoColorError::BadLen));
}
}