2026-08-11 03:50:22 +00:00

66 lines
2.0 KiB
Rust

// `AsRef` and `AsMut` let a function accept different input types while
// borrowing the value it needs. For example, both `&str` and `String` can be
// viewed as `&str`, and both `u32` and `Box<u32>` can be viewed as `&mut u32`.
// Read more about them at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html
// and https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsMut.html, respectively.
// Obtain the number of bytes (not characters) in the given argument. The
// `AsRef<str>` bound allows this function to work with both `&str` and `String`.
// (`.len()` returns the number of bytes in a string.)
fn byte_counter<T: AsRef<str>>(arg: T) -> usize {
arg.as_ref().len()
}
// Obtain the number of characters (not bytes) in the given argument. Reuse the
// same `AsRef<str>` bound so this function also accepts `&str` and `String`.
fn char_counter<T: AsRef<str>>(arg: T) -> usize {
arg.as_ref().chars().count()
}
// Square a number through a mutable reference. The `AsMut<u32>` bound allows
// this function to work with values such as `Box<u32>` as well as `u32`.
fn num_sq<T: AsMut<u32>>(arg: &mut T) {
let arg = arg.as_mut();
*arg *= *arg;
}
fn main() {
// You can optionally experiment here.
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn different_counts() {
let s = "Café au lait";
assert_ne!(char_counter(s), byte_counter(s));
}
#[test]
fn same_counts() {
let s = "Cafe au lait";
assert_eq!(char_counter(s), byte_counter(s));
}
#[test]
fn different_counts_using_string() {
let s = String::from("Café au lait");
assert_ne!(char_counter(s.clone()), byte_counter(s));
}
#[test]
fn same_counts_using_string() {
let s = String::from("Cafe au lait");
assert_eq!(char_counter(s.clone()), byte_counter(s));
}
#[test]
fn mut_box() {
let mut num: Box<u32> = Box::new(3);
num_sq(&mut num);
assert_eq!(*num, 9);
}
}