Completed first 8 tasks and first quiz.

Some more reading required on the following:

- `move_semantics` aka ownership and borrowing.
- `enums` especially using with match expressions.

Cargo.lock

@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ checksum = "f497285884f3fcff424ffc933e56d7cbca511def0c9831a7f9b5f6153e3cc89b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustlings"
-version = "4.8.0"
+version = "5.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "argh",
  "assert_cmd",

exercises/enums/enums1.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 // enums1.rs
 // No hints this time! ;)
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Message {
-    // TODO: define a few types of messages as used below
+    Quit,
+    Echo,
+    Move,
+    ChangeColor
 }
 
 fn main() {

exercises/enums/enums2.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 // enums2.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint enums2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Message {
-    // TODO: define the different variants used below
+    Move { x: i32, y: i32 },
+    Echo(String),
+    ChangeColor(i32, i32, i32),
+    Quit
 }
 
 impl Message {

exercises/enums/enums3.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 // Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
 // Execute `rustlings hint enums3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 enum Message {
-    // TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below
+    ChangeColor((u8, u8, u8)),
+    Echo(String),
+    Move(Point),
+    Quit
 }
 
 struct Point {
@@ -38,6 +39,12 @@ impl State {
 
     fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
         // TODO: create a match expression to process the different message variants
+        match message {
+            Message::ChangeColor((r, g, b)) => self.change_color((r, g, b)),
+            Message::Echo(string) => self.echo(string),
+            Message::Move(Point) => self.move_position(Point),
+            Message::Quit => self.quit()
+        }
     }
 }
 

exercises/functions/functions1.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 // functions1.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint functions1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
+fn call_me() {
+    println!("call me");
+}
 
 fn main() {
     call_me();

exercises/functions/functions2.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 // functions2.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint functions2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     call_me(3);
 }
 
-fn call_me(num:) {
+fn call_me(num: u8) {
     for i in 0..num {
         println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
     }

exercises/functions/functions3.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 // functions3.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint functions3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    call_me();
+    const num: u32 = 10;
+
+    call_me(num);
 }
 
 fn call_me(num: u32) {

exercises/functions/functions4.rs

@@ -7,14 +7,12 @@
 // in the signatures for now. If anything, this is a good way to peek ahead
 // to future exercises!)
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let original_price = 51;
     println!("Your sale price is {}", sale_price(original_price));
 }
 
-fn sale_price(price: i32) -> {
+fn sale_price(price: i32) -> i32 {
     if is_even(price) {
         price - 10
     } else {

exercises/functions/functions5.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 // functions5.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint functions5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let answer = square(3);
     println!("The square of 3 is {}", answer);
 }
 
 fn square(num: i32) -> i32 {
-    num * num;
+    return num * num;
 }

exercises/if/if1.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
 // if1.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint if1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 pub fn bigger(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
-    // Complete this function to return the bigger number!
+    return if a > b { a } else { b }
-    // Do not use:
-    // - another function call
-    // - additional variables
 }
 
 // Don't mind this for now :)

exercises/if/if2.rs

@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 // Step 2: Get the bar_for_fuzz and default_to_baz tests passing!
 // Execute `rustlings hint if2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 pub fn foo_if_fizz(fizzish: &str) -> &str {
-    if fizzish == "fizz" {
+    match fizzish {
-        "foo"
+        "fizz" => "foo",
-    } else {
+        "fuzz" => "bar",
-        1
+        default => "baz"
     }
 }
 

exercises/intro/intro1.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@
 // when you change one of the lines below! Try adding a `println!` line, or try changing
 // what it outputs in your terminal. Try removing a semicolon and see what happens!
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     println!("Hello and");
     println!(r#"       welcome to...                      "#);

exercises/intro/intro2.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 // Make the code print a greeting to the world.
 // Execute `rustlings hint intro2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    println!("Hello {}!");
+    let greeting = String::from("world");
+    println!("Hello {}!", greeting);
 }

exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 // move_semantics1.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let vec0 = Vec::new();
 
-    let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+    let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
 
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
 

exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs

@@ -2,12 +2,10 @@
 // Make me compile without changing line 13 or moving line 10!
 // Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let vec0 = Vec::new();
 
-    let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+    let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0.clone());
 
     // Do not change the following line!
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec0", vec0.len(), vec0);

exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs

@@ -3,12 +3,9 @@
 // (no lines with multiple semicolons necessary!)
 // Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let vec0 = Vec::new();
+    let mut vec0 = Vec::new();
-
+    let mut vec1 = fill_vec(&mut vec0);
-    let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
 
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
 
@@ -17,10 +14,12 @@ fn main() {
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
 }
 
-fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
+fn fill_vec(vec: &mut Vec<i32>) -> &mut Vec<i32> {
+    let vec = vec;
+
     vec.push(22);
     vec.push(44);
     vec.push(66);
 
-    vec
+    return vec;
 }

exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs

@@ -4,12 +4,8 @@
 // function.
 // Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let vec0 = Vec::new();
+    let mut vec1 = fill_vec();
-
-    let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
 
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
 
@@ -20,7 +16,7 @@ fn main() {
 
 // `fill_vec()` no longer takes `vec: Vec<i32>` as argument
 fn fill_vec() -> Vec<i32> {
-    let mut vec = vec;
+    let mut vec = Vec::new();
 
     vec.push(22);
     vec.push(44);

exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs

@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
 // adding, changing or removing any of them.
 // Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let mut x = 100;
     let y = &mut x;
-    let z = &mut x;
     *y += 100;
+    let z = &mut x;
     *z += 1000;
     assert_eq!(x, 1200);
 }

exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics6.rs

@@ -2,24 +2,22 @@
 // Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 // You can't change anything except adding or removing references.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let data = "Rust is great!".to_string();
 
-    get_char(data);
+    get_char(&data);
 
     string_uppercase(&data);
 }
 
 // Should not take ownership
-fn get_char(data: String) -> char {
+fn get_char(data: &String) -> char {
     data.chars().last().unwrap()
 }
 
 // Should take ownership
-fn string_uppercase(mut data: &String) {
+fn string_uppercase(data: &String) {
-    data = &data.to_uppercase();
+    let data = &data.to_uppercase();
 
     println!("{}", data);
 }

exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 // Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
 // No hints, there's no tricks, just get used to typing these :)
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     // Booleans (`bool`)
 
@@ -12,7 +10,7 @@ fn main() {
         println!("Good morning!");
     }
 
-    let // Finish the rest of this line like the example! Or make it be false!
+    let is_evening = !is_morning;
     if is_evening {
         println!("Good evening!");
     }

exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 // Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
 // No hints, there's no tricks, just get used to typing these :)
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     // Characters (`char`)
 
@@ -18,9 +16,7 @@ fn main() {
         println!("Neither alphabetic nor numeric!");
     }
 
-    let // Finish this line like the example! What's your favorite character?
+    let your_character = 'O';
-    // Try a letter, try a number, try a special character, try a character
-    // from a different language than your own, try an emoji!
     if your_character.is_alphabetic() {
         println!("Alphabetical!");
     } else if your_character.is_numeric() {

exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@
 // Create an array with at least 100 elements in it where the ??? is.
 // Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let a = ???
+    let a = [0; 101];
 
     if a.len() >= 100 {
         println!("Wow, that's a big array!");

exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs

@@ -2,13 +2,11 @@
 // Get a slice out of Array a where the ??? is so that the test passes.
 // Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 #[test]
 fn slice_out_of_array() {
     let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
 
-    let nice_slice = ???
+    let nice_slice = &a[1..4];
 
     assert_eq!([2, 3, 4], nice_slice)
 }

exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs

@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
 // Destructure the `cat` tuple so that the println will work.
 // Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
     let cat = ("Furry McFurson", 3.5);
-    let /* your pattern here */ = cat;
+    let (name, age) = cat;
 
     println!("{} is {} years old.", name, age);
 }

exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs

@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
 // You can put the expression for the second element where ??? is so that the test passes.
 // Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 #[test]
 fn indexing_tuple() {
     let numbers = (1, 2, 3);
     // Replace below ??? with the tuple indexing syntax.
-    let second = ???;
+    let second = numbers.1;
 
     assert_eq!(2, second,
         "This is not the 2nd number in the tuple!")

exercises/quiz1.rs

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@
 // more than 40 at once, each apple only costs 1! Write a function that calculates
 // the price of an order of apples given the quantity bought. No hints this time!
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 // Put your function here!
-// fn calculate_price_of_apples {
+fn calculate_price_of_apples(num: i32) -> i32 {
+    return if num > 40 { num } else { num * 2 }
+}
 
 // Don't modify this function!
 #[test]

exercises/structs/structs1.rs

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 // Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
 // Execute `rustlings hint structs1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 struct ColorClassicStruct {
-    // TODO: Something goes here
+    red: i32,
+    green: i32,
+    blue: i32
 }
 
-struct ColorTupleStruct(/* TODO: Something goes here */);
+struct ColorTupleStruct(i32, i32, i32);
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct UnitLikeStruct;
@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn classic_c_structs() {
         // TODO: Instantiate a classic c struct!
-        // let green =
+        let green = ColorClassicStruct {
+            red: 0,
+            green: 255,
+            blue: 0
+        };
 
         assert_eq!(green.red, 0);
         assert_eq!(green.green, 255);
@@ -30,7 +34,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn tuple_structs() {
         // TODO: Instantiate a tuple struct!
-        // let green =
+        let green = (0, 255, 0);
 
         assert_eq!(green.0, 0);
         assert_eq!(green.1, 255);
@@ -40,7 +44,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn unit_structs() {
         // TODO: Instantiate a unit-like struct!
-        // let unit_like_struct =
+        let unit_like_struct = UnitLikeStruct;
         let message = format!("{:?}s are fun!", unit_like_struct);
 
         assert_eq!(message, "UnitLikeStructs are fun!");

exercises/structs/structs2.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 // Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
 // Execute `rustlings hint structs2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Order {
     name: String,
@@ -35,7 +33,12 @@ mod tests {
     fn your_order() {
         let order_template = create_order_template();
         // TODO: Create your own order using the update syntax and template above!
-        // let your_order =
+        let your_order = Order {
+            name: String::from("Hacker in Rust"),
+            count: 1,
+            ..order_template
+        };
+
         assert_eq!(your_order.name, "Hacker in Rust");
         assert_eq!(your_order.year, order_template.year);
         assert_eq!(your_order.made_by_phone, order_template.made_by_phone);

exercises/structs/structs3.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 // Make the code compile and the tests pass!
 // Execute `rustlings hint structs3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Package {
     sender_country: String,
@@ -26,12 +24,12 @@ impl Package {
         }
     }
 
-    fn is_international(&self) -> ??? {
+    fn is_international(&self) -> bool {
-        // Something goes here...
+        return self.sender_country != self.recipient_country;
     }
 
-    fn get_fees(&self, cents_per_gram: i32) -> ??? {
+    fn get_fees(&self, cents_per_gram: i32) -> i32 {
-        // Something goes here...
+        return self.weight_in_grams * cents_per_gram;
     }
 }
 

exercises/variables/variables1.rs

@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
 // Make me compile!
 // Execute `rustlings hint variables1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    x = 5;
+    const x: i32 = 5;
     println!("x has the value {}", x);
 }

exercises/variables/variables2.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 // variables2.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint variables2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let x;
+    let mut x: i32 = 11;
+
     if x == 10 {
         println!("x is ten!");
     } else {

exercises/variables/variables3.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 // variables3.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint variables3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let x: i32;
+    let x: i32 = 10;
     println!("Number {}", x);
 }

exercises/variables/variables4.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 // variables4.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint variables4` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let x = 3;
+    let mut x: i32 = 3;
     println!("Number {}", x);
     x = 5; // don't change this line
     println!("Number {}", x);

exercises/variables/variables5.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 // variables5.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint variables5` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn main() {
-    let number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // don't change this line
+    let mut number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // don't change this line
     println!("Spell a Number : {}", number);
     number = 3; // don't rename this variable
     println!("Number plus two is : {}", number + 2);

exercises/variables/variables6.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 // variables6.rs
 // Execute `rustlings hint variables6` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
+const NUMBER: u8 = 3;
-
-const NUMBER = 3;
 fn main() {
     println!("Number {}", NUMBER);
 }

exercises/vecs/vecs1.rs

@@ -4,13 +4,20 @@
 // Make me compile and pass the test!
 // Execute `rustlings hint vecs1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn array_and_vec() -> ([i32; 4], Vec<i32>) {
-    let a = [10, 20, 30, 40]; // a plain array
+    // a plain array
-    let v = // TODO: declare your vector here with the macro for vectors
+    let a = [10, 20, 30, 40];
+    // the easy way to copy an array to a vector
+    // let v = a.to_vec();
 
-    (a, v)
+    // the more complex way
+    let mut v = Vec::new();
+
+    for num in a {
+        v.push(num);
+    }
+
+    return (a, v);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

exercises/vecs/vecs2.rs

@@ -6,24 +6,19 @@
 //
 // Execute `rustlings hint vecs2` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
 
-// I AM NOT DONE
-
 fn vec_loop(mut v: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     for i in v.iter_mut() {
-        // TODO: Fill this up so that each element in the Vec `v` is
+        // Fill this up so that each element `i` in Vec `v` is multiplied by 2.
-        // multiplied by 2.
+        *i *= 2;
-        ???
     }
 
-    // At this point, `v` should be equal to [4, 8, 12, 16, 20].
+    return v;
-    v
 }
 
 fn vec_map(v: &Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     v.iter().map(|num| {
-        // TODO: Do the same thing as above - but instead of mutating the
+        // Instead of mutating the Vec as above, we can just return the new number!
-        // Vec, you can just return the new number!
+        return num * 2;
-        ???
     }).collect()
 }