My progress 15th challenge

exercises/00_intro/intro2.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 fn main() {
     // TODO: Fix the code to print "Hello world!".
-    printline!("Hello world!");
+    println!("Hello world!");
 }

exercises/01_variables/README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Variables
 
 In Rust, variables are immutable by default.
-When a variable is immutable, once a value is bound to a name, you can't change that value.
+When a variable is immutable, once a value is bound to a name, you can’t change that value.
 You can make them mutable by adding `mut` in front of the variable name.
 
 ## Further information

exercises/01_variables/variables1.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 fn main() {
     // TODO: Add the missing keyword.
-    x = 5;
+    let x = 5;
 
     println!("x has the value {x}");
 }

exercises/01_variables/variables2.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 fn main() {
     // TODO: Change the line below to fix the compiler error.
-    let x;
+    let  x = 5;
 
     if x == 10 {
         println!("x is ten!");

exercises/01_variables/variables3.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 fn main() {
     // TODO: Change the line below to fix the compiler error.
-    let x: i32;
+    let x: i32=5;
 
     println!("Number {x}");
 }

exercises/01_variables/variables4.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: Fix the compiler error.
 fn main() {
-    let x = 3;
+    let mut  x = 3;
     println!("Number {x}");
 
     x = 5; // Don't change this line

exercises/01_variables/variables5.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 fn main() {
     let number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // Don't change this line
-    println!("Spell a number: {number}");
+    println!("Spell a number: {number}" );
 
     // TODO: Fix the compiler error by changing the line below without renaming the variable.
-    number = 3;
+    let number = 5;
     println!("Number plus two is: {}", number + 2);
 }

exercises/01_variables/variables6.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // TODO: Change the line below to fix the compiler error.
-const NUMBER = 3;
+const NUMBER:u8 = 3;
 
 fn main() {
     println!("Number: {NUMBER}");

exercises/02_functions/functions1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: Add some function with the name `call_me` without arguments or a return value.
 
+fn call_me(){}
 fn main() {
     call_me(); // Don't change this line
 }

exercises/02_functions/functions2.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // TODO: Add the missing type of the argument `num` after the colon `:`.
-fn call_me(num:) {
+fn call_me(num:i32) {
     for i in 0..num {
         println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
     }

exercises/02_functions/functions3.rs

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ fn call_me(num: u8) {
 
 fn main() {
     // TODO: Fix the function call.
-    call_me();
+    call_me(8);
 }

exercises/02_functions/functions4.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ fn is_even(num: i64) -> bool {
 }
 
 // TODO: Fix the function signature.
-fn sale_price(price: i64) -> {
+fn sale_price(price: i64) -> i64{
     if is_even(price) {
         price - 10
     } else {

exercises/02_functions/functions5.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: Fix the function body without changing the signature.
 fn square(num: i32) -> i32 {
-    num * num;
+     num * num
 }
 
 fn main() {

exercises/03_if/if1.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ fn bigger(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
     // Do not use:
     // - another function call
     // - additional variables
+    if a > b {
+        return a;
+    } else if a < b {
+        return b;
+    }
+    a
 }
 
 fn main() {

exercises/03_if/if2.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 fn picky_eater(food: &str) -> &str {
     if food == "strawberry" {
         "Yummy!"
-    } else {
+    } else if food=="potato"{
-        1
+        "I guess I can eat that."
+    }else {
+        "No thanks!"
     }
 }
 
@@ -19,7 +21,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn yummy_food() {
-        // This means that calling `picky_eater` with the argument "strawberry" should return "Yummy!".
+        // This means that calling `picky_eater` with the argument "food" should return "Yummy!".
         assert_eq!(picky_eater("strawberry"), "Yummy!");
     }
 

exercises/03_if/if3.rs

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ fn animal_habitat(animal: &str) -> &str {
     let identifier = if animal == "crab" {
         1
     } else if animal == "gopher" {
-        2.0
+        2
     } else if animal == "snake" {
         3
     } else {
-        "Unknown"
+        4
     };
 
     // Don't change the expression below!

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ fn main() {
     // TODO: Define a boolean variable with the name `is_evening` before the `if` statement below.
     // The value of the variable should be the negation (opposite) of `is_morning`.
     // let …
+
+    let is_evening=!is_morning;
     if is_evening {
         println!("Good evening!");
     }

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ fn main() {
     // Try a letter, try a digit (in single quotes), try a special character, try a character
     // from a different language than your own, try an emoji 😉
     // let your_character = '';
-
+    let your_character = '*';
     if your_character.is_alphabetic() {
         println!("Alphabetical!");
     } else if your_character.is_numeric() {

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 fn main() {
     // TODO: Create an array called `a` with at least 100 elements in it.
     // let a = ???
-
+    let a=[1;101];
     if a.len() >= 100 {
         println!("Wow, that's a big array!");
     } else {

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ mod tests {
         let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
 
         // TODO: Get a slice called `nice_slice` out of the array `a` so that the test passes.
-        // let nice_slice = ???
+        let nice_slice = &a[1..4];
 
         assert_eq!([2, 3, 4], nice_slice);
     }

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ fn main() {
 
     // TODO: Destructure the `cat` tuple in one statement so that the println works.
     // let /* your pattern here */ = cat;
-
+    let (name,age)=cat; 
     println!("{name} is {age} years old");
 }

exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
+
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -11,7 +12,8 @@ mod tests {
         // TODO: Use a tuple index to access the second element of `numbers`
         // and assign it to a variable called `second`.
         // let second = ???;
-
+        let second = numbers.1;
         assert_eq!(second, 2, "This is not the 2nd number in the tuple!");
+
     }
 }

exercises/05_vecs/vecs1.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ fn array_and_vec() -> ([i32; 4], Vec<i32>) {
 
     // TODO: Create a vector called `v` which contains the exact same elements as in the array `a`.
     // Use the vector macro.
-    // let v = ???;
+    let v: Vec<i32> = a.into_iter().collect();
 
     (a, v)
 }

exercises/05_vecs/vecs2.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 fn vec_loop(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
-    let mut output = Vec::new();
+    let mut output: Vec<i32> = Vec::new();
 
     for element in input {
         // TODO: Multiply each element in the `input` slice by 2 and push it to
         // the `output` vector.
+        output.push(element * 2);
     }
 
     output
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ fn vec_map(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
     input
         .iter()
         .map(|element| {
-            // ???
+            element*2
         })
         .collect()
 }

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: Fix the compiler error in this function.
 fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
-    let vec = vec;
+    let mut vec = vec;
 
     vec.push(88);
 

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn move_semantics2() {
         let vec0 = vec![22, 44, 66];
 
-        let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
+        let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0.clone());
 
         assert_eq!(vec0, [22, 44, 66]);
         assert_eq!(vec1, [22, 44, 66, 88]);

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // TODO: Fix the compiler error in the function without adding any new line.
-fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
+fn fill_vec(mut vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
     vec.push(88);
 
     vec

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ mod tests {
     fn move_semantics4() {
         let mut x = Vec::new();
         let y = &mut x;
-        let z = &mut x;
         y.push(42);
+        let z = &mut x;
         z.push(13);
         assert_eq!(x, [42, 13]);
     }

exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
 // removing references (the character `&`).
 
 // Shouldn't take ownership
-fn get_char(data: String) -> char {
+fn get_char(data: &String) -> char {
     data.chars().last().unwrap()
 }
 
 // Should take ownership
-fn string_uppercase(mut data: &String) {
+fn string_uppercase(mut data: String) {
     data = data.to_uppercase();
 
     println!("{data}");
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ fn string_uppercase(mut data: &String) {
 fn main() {
     let data = "Rust is great!".to_string();
 
-    get_char(data);
+    get_char(&data);
+
+    string_uppercase(data);
 
-    string_uppercase(&data);
 }

exercises/07_structs/structs1.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
 struct ColorRegularStruct {
     // TODO: Add the fields that the test `regular_structs` expects.
     // What types should the fields have? What are the minimum and maximum values for RGB colors?
+    red : u8,
+    green :u8,
+    blue:u8
 }
 
-struct ColorTupleStruct(/* TODO: Add the fields that the test `tuple_structs` expects */);
+struct ColorTupleStruct(
+    u8,
+    u8,
+    u8
+);
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct UnitStruct;
@@ -19,7 +26,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn regular_structs() {
         // TODO: Instantiate a regular struct.
-        // let green =
+        let green = ColorRegularStruct { red: 0, green: 255, blue: 0 };
 
         assert_eq!(green.red, 0);
         assert_eq!(green.green, 255);
@@ -29,7 +36,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn tuple_structs() {
         // TODO: Instantiate a tuple struct.
-        // let green =
+        let green =  ColorTupleStruct(0,255,0);
 
         assert_eq!(green.0, 0);
         assert_eq!(green.1, 255);
@@ -39,7 +46,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn unit_structs() {
         // TODO: Instantiate a unit struct.
-        // let unit_struct =
+        let unit_struct = UnitStruct;
         let message = format!("{unit_struct:?}s are fun!");
 
         assert_eq!(message, "UnitStructs are fun!");

exercises/07_structs/structs2.rs

@@ -21,6 +21,20 @@ fn create_order_template() -> Order {
     }
 }
 
+impl Order {
+    fn create_orders(name:String,year:u32,made_by_phone:bool,made_by_mobile:bool,made_by_email:bool,item_number:u32,count:u32) -> Order {
+        Order {
+            name,
+            year,
+            made_by_phone,
+            made_by_mobile,
+            made_by_email,
+            item_number,
+            count,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
@@ -34,7 +48,8 @@ mod tests {
         let order_template = create_order_template();
 
         // TODO: Create your own order using the update syntax and template above!
-        // let your_order =
+        let your_order = Order::create_orders("Hacker in Rust".to_string(), order_template.year, order_template.made_by_phone, 
+        order_template.made_by_mobile, order_template.made_by_email, order_template.item_number, 1);
 
         assert_eq!(your_order.name, "Hacker in Rust");
         assert_eq!(your_order.year, order_template.year);

exercises/07_structs/structs3.rs

@@ -24,14 +24,17 @@ impl Package {
     }
 
     // TODO: Add the correct return type to the function signature.
-    fn is_international(&self) {
+    fn is_international(&self)->bool {
         // TODO: Read the tests that use this method to find out when a package
         // is considered international.
+        self.recipient_country != self.sender_country
     }
 
     // TODO: Add the correct return type to the function signature.
-    fn get_fees(&self, cents_per_gram: u32) {
+    fn get_fees(&self, cents_per_gram: u32)->u32 {
         // TODO: Calculate the package's fees.
+
+        self.weight_in_grams*cents_per_gram 
     }
 }
 

exercises/08_enums/README.md

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 # Enums
 
 Rust allows you to define types called "enums" which enumerate possible values.
-Enums are a feature in many languages, but their capabilities differ in each language. Rust's enums are most similar to algebraic data types in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell.
+Enums are a feature in many languages, but their capabilities differ in each language. Rust’s enums are most similar to algebraic data types in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell.
 Useful in combination with enums is Rust's "pattern matching" facility, which makes it easy to run different code for different values of an enumeration.
 
 ## Further information
 
 - [Enums](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch06-00-enums.html)
-- [Pattern syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-03-pattern-syntax.html)
+- [Pattern syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-03-pattern-syntax.html)

exercises/08_enums/enums1.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Message {
     // TODO: Define a few types of messages as used below.
+    Resize
+    , Move
+    , Echo
+    , ChangeColor
+    , Quit
 }
 
 fn main() {

exercises/08_enums/enums2.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ struct Point {
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 enum Message {
-    // TODO: Define the different variants used below.
+    Resize { width: u64, height: u64 },
+    Move(Point),
+    Echo(String),
+    ChangeColor(u8, u8, u8),
+    Quit,
 }
 
 impl Message {

exercises/08_enums/enums3.rs

@@ -46,6 +46,13 @@ impl State {
     fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
         // TODO: Create a match expression to process the different message
         // variants using the methods defined above.
+        match message {
+            Message::Resize { width, height } => State::resize(self, width, height),
+            Message::Move(point) => State::move_position(self, point),
+            Message::Echo(s) => State::echo(self, s),
+            Message::ChangeColor(r, g, b) => State::change_color(self, r, g, b),
+            Message::Quit => State::quit(self),
+        }
     }
 }
 

exercises/09_strings/strings1.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: Fix the compiler error without changing the function signature.
 fn current_favorite_color() -> String {
-    "blue"
+    "blue".to_string()
 }
 
 fn main() {

exercises/09_strings/strings2.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ fn is_a_color_word(attempt: &str) -> bool {
 fn main() {
     let word = String::from("green"); // Don't change this line.
 
-    if is_a_color_word(word) {
+    if is_a_color_word(word.as_str()) {
         println!("That is a color word I know!");
     } else {
         println!("That is not a color word I know.");

exercises/09_strings/strings3.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 fn trim_me(input: &str) -> &str {
     // TODO: Remove whitespace from both ends of a string.
+    input.trim()
 }
 
 fn compose_me(input: &str) -> String {
     // TODO: Add " world!" to the string! There are multiple ways to do this.
+    input.to_string() + " world!"
 }
 
 fn replace_me(input: &str) -> String {
     // TODO: Replace "cars" in the string with "balloons".
+    input.replace("cars", "balloons")
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -23,7 +26,6 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(trim_me("Hello!     "), "Hello!");
         assert_eq!(trim_me("  What's up!"), "What's up!");
         assert_eq!(trim_me("   Hola!  "), "Hola!");
-        assert_eq!(trim_me("Hi!"), "Hi!");
     }
 
     #[test]

exercises/09_strings/strings4.rs

@@ -13,25 +13,25 @@ fn string(arg: String) {
 // Your task is to replace `placeholder(…)` with either `string_slice(…)`
 // or `string(…)` depending on what you think each value is.
 fn main() {
-    placeholder("blue");
+    string_slice("blue");
 
-    placeholder("red".to_string());
+    string("red".to_string());
 
-    placeholder(String::from("hi"));
+    string(String::from("hi"));
 
-    placeholder("rust is fun!".to_owned());
+    string("rust is fun!".to_owned());
 
-    placeholder("nice weather".into());
+    string_slice("nice weather");
 
-    placeholder(format!("Interpolation {}", "Station"));
+    string(format!("Interpolation {}", "Station"));
 
     // WARNING: This is byte indexing, not character indexing.
     // Character indexing can be done using `s.chars().nth(INDEX)`.
-    placeholder(&String::from("abc")[0..1]);
+    string_slice(&String::from("abc")[0..1]);
 
-    placeholder("  hello there ".trim());
+    string_slice("  hello there ".trim());
 
-    placeholder("Happy Monday!".replace("Mon", "Tues"));
+    string("Happy Monday!".replace("Mon", "Tues"));
 
-    placeholder("mY sHiFt KeY iS sTiCkY".to_lowercase());
+    string("mY sHiFt KeY iS sTiCkY".to_lowercase());
 }

exercises/10_modules/modules1.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 // TODO: Fix the compiler error about calling a private function.
 mod sausage_factory {
     // Don't let anybody outside of this module see this!
-    fn get_secret_recipe() -> String {
+    fn _get_secret_recipe() -> String {
         String::from("Ginger")
     }
 
-    fn make_sausage() {
+    pub fn make_sausage() {
-        get_secret_recipe();
+        _get_secret_recipe();
         println!("sausage!");
     }
 }

exercises/10_modules/modules2.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 mod delicious_snacks {
     // TODO: Add the following two `use` statements after fixing them.
-    // use self::fruits::PEAR as ???;
+    pub use self::fruits::PEAR as fruit;
-    // use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as ???;
+    pub use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as veggie;
 
     mod fruits {
         pub const PEAR: &str = "Pear";
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ mod delicious_snacks {
 }
 
 fn main() {
+
+    use delicious_snacks;
     println!(
         "favorite snacks: {} and {}",
         delicious_snacks::fruit,

exercises/10_modules/modules3.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@
 // your scope. Bonus style points if you can do it with one line!
 // use ???;
 
+use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 fn main() {
+
     match SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH) {
         Ok(n) => println!("1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC was {} seconds ago!", n.as_secs()),
         Err(_) => panic!("SystemTime before UNIX EPOCH!"),

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps1.rs

@@ -8,18 +8,26 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 fn fruit_basket() -> HashMap<String, u32> {
     // TODO: Declare the hash map.
-    // let mut basket =
+    let mut basket =HashMap::new();
 
     // Two bananas are already given for you :)
-    basket.insert(String::from("banana"), 2);
+    basket.insert("banana".to_string(), 2);
 
     // TODO: Put more fruits in your basket.
+    basket.insert("apples".to_string(), 2);
+    basket.insert("watermelon".to_string(), 2);
+    basket.insert("pinapple".to_string(), 2);
+    basket.insert("papaya".to_string(), 2);
 
     basket
 }
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
+    let a=vec![1,2,3];
+    let b = a.into_iter().sum::<u64>();
+
+    print!("{b}")
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -35,6 +43,6 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn at_least_five_fruits() {
         let basket = fruit_basket();
-        assert!(basket.values().sum::<u32>() >= 5);
+        assert!(basket.into_values().sum::<u32>() >= 5);
     }
 }

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps2.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ fn fruit_basket(basket: &mut HashMap<Fruit, u32>) {
         // TODO: Insert new fruits if they are not already present in the
         // basket. Note that you are not allowed to put any type of fruit that's
         // already present!
+        match basket.get(&fruit) {
+            Some(_) => {},
+            None => { basket.insert(fruit, 1); },
+        }
+
     }
 }
 

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps3.rs

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
 // number of goals the team scored, and the total number of goals the team
 // conceded.
 
-use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::{collections::HashMap};
 
 // A structure to store the goal details of a team.
-#[derive(Default)]
+#[derive(Default,Debug)]
 struct TeamScores {
     goals_scored: u8,
     goals_conceded: u8,
@@ -31,6 +31,14 @@ fn build_scores_table(results: &str) -> HashMap<&str, TeamScores> {
         // Keep in mind that goals scored by team 1 will be the number of goals
         // conceded by team 2. Similarly, goals scored by team 2 will be the
         // number of goals conceded by team 1.
+        scores.entry(team_1_name)
+            .and_modify(|a|
+                {a.goals_scored+=team_1_score ; a.goals_conceded+=team_2_score}
+            ).or_insert(TeamScores { goals_scored: team_1_score, goals_conceded: team_2_score });
+        scores.entry(team_2_name)
+            .and_modify(|a|
+                {a.goals_scored+=team_2_score ; a.goals_conceded+= team_1_score})
+            .or_insert(TeamScores { goals_scored: team_2_score, goals_conceded: team_1_score });
     }
 
     scores
@@ -38,6 +46,19 @@ fn build_scores_table(results: &str) -> HashMap<&str, TeamScores> {
 
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
+
+    const RESULTS: &str = "England,France,4,2
+    France,Italy,3,1
+    Poland,Spain,2,0
+    Germany,England,2,1
+    England,Spain,1,0";
+
+    let mut scores = HashMap::<&str, TeamScores>::new();
+
+    scores.entry("test").or_default();
+     scores.entry("test2").and_modify(|a| { a.goals_conceded += 1; });
+    print!("{scores:?}")
+   
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

exercises/12_options/options1.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
-// This function returns how much ice cream there is left in the fridge.
+// This function returns how much icecream there is left in the fridge.
 // If it's before 22:00 (24-hour system), then 5 scoops are left. At 22:00,
-// someone eats it all, so no ice cream is left (value 0). Return `None` if
+// someone eats it all, so no icecream is left (value 0). Return `None` if
 // `hour_of_day` is higher than 23.
-fn maybe_ice_cream(hour_of_day: u16) -> Option<u16> {
+fn maybe_icecream(hour_of_day: u16) -> Option<u16> {
     // TODO: Complete the function body.
+
+    match hour_of_day {
+        0..22 => Some(5),
+        22..24=>Some(0),
+        _=>None,
+    }
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -18,19 +24,19 @@ mod tests {
     fn raw_value() {
         // TODO: Fix this test. How do you get the value contained in the
         // Option?
-        let ice_creams = maybe_ice_cream(12);
+        let icecreams = maybe_icecream(12).unwrap();
 
-        assert_eq!(ice_creams, 5); // Don't change this line.
+        assert_eq!(icecreams, 5); // Don't change this line.
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn check_ice_cream() {
+    fn check_icecream() {
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(0), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(0), Some(5));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(9), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(9), Some(5));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(18), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(18), Some(5));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(22), Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(22), Some(0));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(23), Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(23), Some(0));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(24), None);
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(24), None);
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(25), None);
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(25), None);
     }
 }

exercises/12_options/options2.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ mod tests {
         let optional_target = Some(target);
 
         // TODO: Make this an if-let statement whose value is `Some`.
-        word = optional_target {
+        if let Some(word) = optional_target {
             assert_eq!(word, target);
         }
     }
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ mod tests {
         // TODO: Make this a while-let statement. Remember that `Vec::pop()`
         // adds another layer of `Option`. You can do nested pattern matching
         // in if-let and while-let statements.
-        integer = optional_integers.pop() {
+        while let Some(Some(integer)) = optional_integers.pop() {
             assert_eq!(integer, cursor);
             cursor -= 1;
         }

exercises/12_options/options3.rs

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ fn main() {
     let optional_point = Some(Point { x: 100, y: 200 });
 
     // TODO: Fix the compiler error by adding something to this match statement.
-    match optional_point {
+    match &optional_point {
-        Some(p) => println!("Coordinates are {},{}", p.x, p.y),
+        Some(p) => println!("Co-ordinates are {},{}", p.x, p.y),
         _ => panic!("No match!"),
     }
 

exercises/13_error_handling/README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Error handling
 
-Most errors aren't serious enough to require the program to stop entirely.
+Most errors aren’t serious enough to require the program to stop entirely.
-Sometimes, when a function fails, it's for a reason that you can easily interpret and respond to.
+Sometimes, when a function fails, it’s for a reason that you can easily interpret and respond to.
-For example, if you try to open a file and that operation fails because the file doesn't exist, you might want to create the file instead of terminating the process.
+For example, if you try to open a file and that operation fails because the file doesn’t exist, you might want to create the file instead of terminating the process.
 
 ## Further information
 

exercises/13_error_handling/errors1.rs

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
 // construct to `Option` that can be used to express error conditions. Change
 // the function signature and body to return `Result<String, String>` instead
 // of `Option<String>`.
-fn generate_nametag_text(name: String) -> Option<String> {
+fn generate_nametag_text(name: String) -> Result<String,String> {
     if name.is_empty() {
         // Empty names aren't allowed
-        None
+        Err(format!("Empty names aren't allowed"))
     } else {
-        Some(format!("Hi! My name is {name}"))
+        Ok(format!("Hi! My name is {name}"))
     }
 }
 

exercises/13_error_handling/errors2.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ fn total_cost(item_quantity: &str) -> Result<i32, ParseIntError> {
     let cost_per_item = 5;
 
     // TODO: Handle the error case as described above.
-    let qty = item_quantity.parse::<i32>();
+    let qty = item_quantity.parse::<i32>()?;
+    
 
     Ok(qty * cost_per_item + processing_fee)
 }

exercises/13_error_handling/errors3.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fn total_cost(item_quantity: &str) -> Result<i32, ParseIntError> {
 
 // TODO: Fix the compiler error by changing the signature and body of the
 // `main` function.
-fn main() {
+fn main() -> Result<(), ParseIntError> {
     let mut tokens = 100;
     let pretend_user_input = "8";
 
@@ -28,4 +28,7 @@ fn main() {
         tokens -= cost;
         println!("You now have {tokens} tokens.");
     }
+    
+    Ok(())
+
 }

exercises/13_error_handling/errors4.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,14 @@ struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
 
 impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
     fn new(value: i64) -> Result<Self, CreationError> {
+
         // TODO: This function shouldn't always return an `Ok`.
-        Ok(Self(value as u64))
+
+        match value {
+            x if x < 0 => Err(CreationError::Negative),
+            0 => Err(CreationError::Zero),
+            x => Ok(Self(x as u64)),
+        }
     }
 }
 

exercises/13_error_handling/errors5.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 //
 // In short, this particular use case for boxes is for when you want to own a
 // value and you care only that it is a type which implements a particular
-// trait. To do so, the `Box` is declared as of type `Box<dyn Trait>` where
+// trait. To do so, The `Box` is declared as of type `Box<dyn Trait>` where
 // `Trait` is the trait the compiler looks for on any value used in that
 // context. For this exercise, that context is the potential errors which
 // can be returned in a `Result`.
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
 
 // TODO: Add the correct return type `Result<(), Box<dyn ???>>`. What can we
 // use to describe both errors? Is there a trait which both errors implement?
-fn main() {
+fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
     let pretend_user_input = "42";
     let x: i64 = pretend_user_input.parse()?;
     println!("output={:?}", PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(x)?);

exercises/13_error_handling/errors6.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ impl ParsePosNonzeroError {
     }
 
     // TODO: Add another error conversion function here.
-    // fn from_parse_int(???) -> Self { ??? }
+    fn from_parse_int(err:ParseIntError) -> Self { 
+        Self::ParseInt(err)
+     }
 }
 
 #[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
     fn parse(s: &str) -> Result<Self, ParsePosNonzeroError> {
         // TODO: change this to return an appropriate error instead of panicking
         // when `parse()` returns an error.
-        let x: i64 = s.parse().unwrap();
+        let x: i64 = s.parse().map_err(ParsePosNonzeroError::from_parse_int)?;
         Self::new(x).map_err(ParsePosNonzeroError::from_creation)
     }
 }

exercises/14_generics/generics1.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ fn main() {
     // TODO: Fix the compiler error by annotating the type of the vector
     // `Vec<T>`. Choose `T` as some integer type that can be created from
     // `u8` and `i8`.
-    let mut numbers = Vec::new();
+    let mut numbers: Vec<i16> = Vec::new();
 
     // Don't change the lines below.
     let n1: u8 = 42;

exercises/14_generics/generics2.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 // This powerful wrapper provides the ability to store a positive integer value.
 // TODO: Rewrite it using a generic so that it supports wrapping ANY type.
-struct Wrapper {
+struct Wrapper<T> {
-    value: u32,
+    value: T,
 }
 
 // TODO: Adapt the struct's implementation to be generic over the wrapped value.
-impl Wrapper {
+impl<T> Wrapper<T> {
-    fn new(value: u32) -> Self {
+    fn new(value: T) -> Self {
         Wrapper { value }
     }
 }

exercises/21_macros/README.md

@@ -10,6 +10,5 @@ of exercises to Rustlings, but is all about learning to write Macros.
 
 ## Further information
 
-- [The Rust Book - Macros](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch20-05-macros.html)
+- [Macros](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html)
 - [The Little Book of Rust Macros](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/)
-- [Rust by Example - macro_rules!](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html)

exercises/22_clippy/clippy3.rs

@@ -4,11 +4,9 @@
 #[rustfmt::skip]
 #[allow(unused_variables, unused_assignments)]
 fn main() {
-    let my_option: Option<&str> = None;
+    let my_option: Option<()> = None;
-    // Assume that you don't know the value of `my_option`.
-    // In the case of `Some`, we want to print its value.
     if my_option.is_none() {
-        println!("{}", my_option.unwrap());
+        println!("{:?}", my_option.unwrap());
     }
 
     let my_arr = &[

exercises/quizzes/quiz1.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@ fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
 
+fn calculate_price_of_apples(cant:u32)->u32{
+    if cant>40{
+        return cant;
+    }
+    cant*2
+}
+
 // Don't change the tests!
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {

exercises/quizzes/quiz2.rs

@@ -27,7 +27,15 @@ mod my_module {
     use super::Command;
 
     // TODO: Complete the function as described above.
-    // pub fn transformer(input: ???) -> ??? { ??? }
+    pub fn transformer(input: Vec<(String, Command)>) -> Vec<String> { 
+        input.into_iter().map(|(s, c)| {
+            match c {
+                Command::Uppercase => s.to_uppercase(),
+                Command::Trim => s.trim().to_string(),
+                Command::Append(size) => format!("{}{}", s, "bar".repeat(size)),
+            }
+        }).collect()
+    }
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -37,12 +45,12 @@ fn main() {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     // TODO: What do we need to import to have `transformer` in scope?
-    // use ???;
+    use super::my_module::transformer;
     use super::Command;
 
     #[test]
     fn it_works() {
-        let input = vec![
+        let input: Vec<(String, Command)> = vec![
             ("hello".to_string(), Command::Uppercase),
             (" all roads lead to rome! ".to_string(), Command::Trim),
             ("foo".to_string(), Command::Append(1)),