My work so far

This commit is contained in:
Benni-Math 2022-05-15 16:36:26 -04:00
parent 75b09dd69a
commit 2a5542f2a2
82 changed files with 478 additions and 751 deletions

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@ -1119,87 +1119,6 @@
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4
.clog.toml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
[clog]
repository = "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings"
changelog = "CHANGELOG.md"

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@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ tasks:
vscode:
extensions:
- rust-lang.rust@0.7.8
- rust-lang.rust@0.7.8:CvNqMTgDdt3UXt+6BCDTVg==

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@ -161,17 +161,6 @@ authors.
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/Kallu-A"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/73198738?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Lucas Aries</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-Kallu-A" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/ragreenburg"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24358100?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>ragreenburg</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-ragreenburg" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/stevenfukase"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/66785624?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>stevenfukase</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-stevenfukase" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/J-S-Kim"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/17569303?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>J-S-Kim</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-J-S-Kim" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/Fointard"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9333398?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Fointard</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-Fointard" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/rytheo"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/22184325?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Ryan Lowe</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=rytheo" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://www.dashen.tech"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/15921519?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>cui fliter</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-cuishuang" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/luskwater"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/42529?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Ron Lusk</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-luskwater" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="http://liby.github.io/liby/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38807139?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Bryan Lee</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-liby" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://nandaja.space"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2624550?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Nandaja Varma</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=nandajavarma" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

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@ -1,67 +1,3 @@
<a name="4.7.1"></a>
## 4.7.1 (2022-04-20)
#### Features
- The amount of dependency crates that need to be compiled went down from ~65 to
~45 by bumping dependency versions.
- The minimum Rust version in the install scripts has been bumped to 1.56.0 (this isn't in
the release itself, since install scripts don't really get versioned)
#### Bug Fixes
- **arc1**: A small part has been rewritten using a more functional code style (#968).
- **using_as**: A small part has been refactored to use `sum` instead of `fold`, resulting
in better readability.
#### Housekeeping
- The changelog will now be manually written instead of being automatically generated by the
Git log.
<a name="4.7.0"></a>
## 4.7.0 (2022-04-14)
#### Features
* Add move_semantics6.rs exercise (#908) ([3f0e1303](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/3f0e1303e0b3bf3fecc0baced3c8b8a37f83c184))
* **intro:** Add intro section. ([21c9f441](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/21c9f44168394e08338fd470b5f49b1fd235986f))
* Include exercises folder in the project structure behind a feature, enabling rust-analyzer to work (#917) ([179a75a6](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/179a75a68d03ac9518dec2297fb17f91a4fc506b))
#### Bug Fixes
* Fix a few spelling mistakes ([1c0fe3cb](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1c0fe3cbcca85f90b3985985b8e265ee872a2ab2))
* **cli:**
* Move long text strings into constants. ([f78c4802](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/f78c48020830d7900dd8d81f355606581670446d))
* Replace `filter_map()` with `find_map()` ([9b27e8d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/9b27e8d993ca20232fe38a412750c3f845a83b65))
* **clippy1:**
* Set clippy::float_cmp lint to deny (#907) ([71a06044](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/71a06044e6a96ff756dc31d7b0ed665ae4badb57))
* Updated code to test correctness clippy lint with approx_constant lint rule ([f2650de3](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/f2650de369810867d2763e935ac0963c32ec420e))
* **errors1:**
* Add a comment to make the purpose more clear (#486) ([cbcde345](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/cbcde345409c3e550112e449242848eaa3391bb6))
* Don't modify tests (#958) ([60bb7cc](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/60bb7cc3931d21d3986ad52b2b302e632a93831c))
* **errors6:** Remove existing answer code ([43d0623](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/43d0623086edbc46fe896ba59c7afa22c3da9f7a))
* **functions5:** Remove wrong new line and small English improvements (#885) ([8ef4869b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/8ef4869b264094e5a9b50452b4534823a9df19c3))
* **install:** protect path with whitespaces using quotes and stop at the first error ([d114847f](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d114847f256c5f571c0b4c87e04b04bce3435509))
* **intro1:** Add compiler error explanation. ([9b8de655](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/9b8de65525a5576b78cf0c8e4098cdd34296338f))
* **iterators1:** reorder TODO steps ([0bd7a063](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/0bd7a0631a17a9d69af5746795a30efc9cf64e6e))
* **move_semantics2:** Add comment ([89650f80](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/89650f808af23a32c9a2c6d46592b77547a6a464))
* **move_semantics5:** correct typo (#857) ([46c28d5c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/46c28d5cef3d8446b5a356b19d8dbc725f91a3a0))
* **quiz1:** update to say quiz covers "If" ([1622e8c1](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1622e8c198d89739765c915203efff0091bdeb78))
* **structs3:**
* Add a hint for panic (#608) ([4f7ff5d9](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4f7ff5d9c7b2d8b045194c1a9469d37e30257c4a))
* remove redundant 'return' (#852) ([bf33829d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/bf33829da240375d086f96267fc2e02fa6b07001))
* Assigned value to `cents_per_gram` in test ([d1ee2da](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d1ee2daf14f19105e6db3f9c610f44293d688532))
* **structs3.rs:** assigned value to cents_per_gram in test ([d1ee2daf](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d1ee2daf14f19105e6db3f9c610f44293d688532))
* **traits1:** rename test functions to snake case (#854) ([1663a16e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1663a16eade6ca646b6ed061735f7982434d530d))
#### Documentation improvements
* Add hints on how to get GCC installed (#741) ([bc56861](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/bc5686174463ad6f4f6b824b0e9b97c3039d4886))
* Fix some code blocks that were not highlighted ([17f9d74](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/17f9d7429ccd133a72e815fb5618e0ce79560929))
<a name="4.6.0"></a>
## 4.6.0 (2021-09-25)
@ -285,7 +221,7 @@
#### Features
* add Option2 exercise (#290) ([86b5c08b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/86b5c08b9bea1576127a7c5f599f5752072c087d))
* add exercise for option (#282) ([135e5d47](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/135e5d47a7c395aece6f6022117fb20c82f2d3d4))
* add excercise for option (#282) ([135e5d47](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/135e5d47a7c395aece6f6022117fb20c82f2d3d4))
* add new exercises for generics (#280) ([76be5e4e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/76be5e4e991160f5fd9093f03ee2ba260e8f7229))
* **ci:** add buildkite config ([b049fa2c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b049fa2c84dba0f0c8906ac44e28fd45fba51a71))

148
Cargo.lock generated
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@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
[package]
name = "rustlings"
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authors = ["mokou <mokou@fastmail.com>", "Carol (Nichols || Goulding) <carol.nichols@gmail.com>"]
version = "4.6.0"
authors = ["anastasie <ana@ana.st>", "Carol (Nichols || Goulding) <carol.nichols@gmail.com>"]
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[[bin]]
name = "rustlings"

197
README.md
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@ -1,194 +1,3 @@
# rustlings 🦀❤️
Greetings and welcome to `rustlings`. This project contains small exercises to get you used to reading and writing Rust code. This includes reading and responding to compiler messages!
_...looking for the old, web-based version of Rustlings? Try [here](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/tree/rustlings-1)_
Alternatively, for a first-time Rust learner, there are several other resources:
- [The Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/index.html) - The most comprehensive resource for learning Rust, but a bit theoretical sometimes. You will be using this along with Rustlings!
- [Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/index.html) - Learn Rust by solving little exercises! It's almost like `rustlings`, but online
## Getting Started
_Note: If you're on MacOS, make sure you've installed Xcode and its developer tools by typing `xcode-select --install`._
_Note: If you're on Linux, make sure you've installed gcc. Deb: `sudo apt install gcc`. Yum: `sudo yum -y install gcc`._
You will need to have Rust installed. You can get it by visiting https://rustup.rs. This'll also install Cargo, Rust's package/project manager.
## MacOS/Linux
Just run:
```bash
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rust-lang/rustlings/main/install.sh | bash
# Or if you want it to be installed to a different path:
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rust-lang/rustlings/main/install.sh | bash -s mypath/
```
This will install Rustlings and give you access to the `rustlings` command. Run it to get started!
## Windows
In PowerShell (Run as Administrator), set `ExecutionPolicy` to `RemoteSigned`:
```ps1
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
```
Then, you can run:
```ps1
Start-BitsTransfer -Source https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rust-lang/rustlings/main/install.ps1 -Destination $env:TMP/install_rustlings.ps1; Unblock-File $env:TMP/install_rustlings.ps1; Invoke-Expression $env:TMP/install_rustlings.ps1
```
To install Rustlings. Same as on MacOS/Linux, you will have access to the `rustlings` command after it.
When you get a permission denied message then you have to exclude the directory where you placed the rustlings in your virus-scanner
## Browser:
[Run on Repl.it](https://repl.it/github/rust-lang/rustlings)
[![Open in Gitpod](https://gitpod.io/button/open-in-gitpod.svg)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings)
## Manually
Basically: Clone the repository at the latest tag, run `cargo install`.
```bash
# find out the latest version at https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest (on edit 4.7.1)
git clone -b 4.7.1 --depth 1 https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings
cd rustlings
cargo install --force --path .
```
If there are installation errors, ensure that your toolchain is up to date. For the latest, run:
```bash
rustup update
```
Then, same as above, run `rustlings` to get started.
## Doing exercises
The exercises are sorted by topic and can be found in the subdirectory `rustlings/exercises/<topic>`. For every topic there is an additional README file with some resources to get you started on the topic. We really recommend that you have a look at them before you start.
The task is simple. Most exercises contain an error that keeps them from compiling, and it's up to you to fix it! Some exercises are also run as tests, but rustlings handles them all the same. To run the exercises in the recommended order, execute:
```bash
rustlings watch
```
This will try to verify the completion of every exercise in a predetermined order (what we think is best for newcomers). It will also rerun automatically every time you change a file in the `exercises/` directory. If you want to only run it once, you can use:
```bash
rustlings verify
```
This will do the same as watch, but it'll quit after running.
In case you want to go by your own order, or want to only verify a single exercise, you can run:
```bash
rustlings run myExercise1
```
Or simply use the following command to run the next unsolved exercise in the course:
```bash
rustlings run next
```
In case you get stuck, you can run the following command to get a hint for your
exercise:
```bash
rustlings hint myExercise1
```
You can also get the hint for the next unsolved exercise with the following command:
```bash
rustlings hint next
```
To check your progress, you can run the following command:
```bash
rustlings list
```
## Testing yourself
After every couple of sections, there will be a quiz that'll test your knowledge on a bunch of sections at once. These quizzes are found in `exercises/quizN.rs`.
## Enabling `rust-analyzer`
`rust-analyzer` support is provided, but it depends on your editor
whether it's enabled by default. (RLS support is not provided)
To enable `rust-analyzer`, you'll need to make Cargo build the project
with the `exercises` feature, which will automatically include the `exercises/`
subfolder in the project. The easiest way to do this is to tell your editor to
build the project with all features (the equivalent of `cargo build --all-features`).
For specific editor instructions:
- **VSCode**: Add a `.vscode/settings.json` file with the following:
```json
{
"rust-analyzer.cargo.features": ["exercises"]
}
```
- **IntelliJ-based Editors**: Using the Rust plugin, everything should work
by default.
- _Missing your editor? Feel free to contribute more instructions!_
## Continuing On
Once you've completed Rustlings, put your new knowledge to good use! Continue practicing your Rust skills by building your own projects, contributing to Rustlings, or finding other open-source projects to contribute to.
## Uninstalling Rustlings
If you want to remove Rustlings from your system, there's two steps. First, you'll need to remove the exercises folder that the install script created
for you:
```bash
rm -rf rustlings # or your custom folder name, if you chose and or renamed it
```
Second, since Rustlings got installed via `cargo install`, it's only reasonable to assume that you can also remove it using Cargo, and
exactly that is the case. Run `cargo uninstall` to remove the `rustlings` binary:
```bash
cargo uninstall rustlings
```
Now you should be done!
## Completion
Rustlings isn't done; there are a couple of sections that are very experimental and don't have proper documentation. These include:
- Errors (`exercises/errors/`)
- Option (`exercises/option/`)
- Result (`exercises/result/`)
- Move Semantics (could still be improved, `exercises/move_semantics/`)
Additionally, we could use exercises on a couple of topics:
- Structs
- Better ownership stuff
- `impl`
- ??? probably more
If you are interested in improving or adding new ones, please feel free to contribute! Read on for more information :)
## Contributing
See [CONTRIBUTING.md](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
## Contributors ✨
Thanks goes to the wonderful people listed in [AUTHORS.md](./AUTHORS.md) 🎉
Please go to the [Rustlings Official GitHub](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings)
=======
(This is just a personal fork with *my* worked out exercises.)

25
default_out.txt Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
Thanks for installing Rustlings!
Is this your first time? Don't worry, Rustlings was made for beginners! We are
going to teach you a lot of things about Rust, but before we can get
started, here's a couple of notes about how Rustlings operates:
1. The central concept behind Rustlings is that you solve exercises. These
exercises usually have some sort of syntax error in them, which will cause
them to fail compilation or testing. Sometimes there's a logic error instead
of a syntax error. No matter what error, it's your job to find it and fix it!
You'll know when you fixed it because then, the exercise will compile and
Rustlings will be able to move on to the next exercise.
2. If you run Rustlings in watch mode (which we recommend), it'll automatically
start with the first exercise. Don't get confused by an error message popping
up as soon as you run Rustlings! This is part of the exercise that you're
supposed to solve, so open the exercise file in an editor and start your
detective work!
3. If you're stuck on an exercise, there is a helpful hint you can view by typing
'hint' (in watch mode), or running `rustlings hint myexercise`.
4. If an exercise doesn't make sense to you, feel free to open an issue on GitHub!
(https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new). We look at every issue,
and sometimes, other learners do too so you can help each other out!
Got all that? Great! To get started, run `rustlings watch` in order to get the first
exercise. Make sure to have your editor open!

View File

@ -11,17 +11,17 @@
// Execute the command `rustlings hint hashmap1` if you need
// hints.
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::collections::HashMap;
fn fruit_basket() -> HashMap<String, u32> {
let mut basket = // TODO: declare your hash map here.
let mut basket = HashMap::new();// TODO: declare your hash map here.
// Two bananas are already given for you :)
basket.insert(String::from("banana"), 2);
// TODO: Put more fruits in your basket here.
basket.insert(String::from("apple"), 1);
basket.insert(String::from("mango"), 2);
basket
}

View File

@ -12,8 +12,6 @@
// Execute the command `rustlings hint hashmap2` if you need
// hints.
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::collections::HashMap;
#[derive(Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
@ -38,6 +36,11 @@ fn fruit_basket(basket: &mut HashMap<Fruit, u32>) {
// TODO: Put new fruits if not already present. Note that you
// are not allowed to put any type of fruit that's already
// present!
match fruit {
Fruit::Banana => basket.insert(fruit, 3),
Fruit::Pineapple => basket.insert(fruit, 1),
_ => None,
};
}
}

View File

@ -4,11 +4,12 @@
// Make me compile and pass the test!
// Execute the command `rustlings hint vec1` if you need hints.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn array_and_vec() -> ([i32; 4], Vec<i32>) {
let a = [10, 20, 30, 40]; // a plain array
let v = // TODO: declare your vector here with the macro for vectors
// Either one works:
// let v = vec![10, 20, 30, 40];
let v = a.to_vec();
(a, v)
}

View File

@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
// Execute the command `rustlings hint vec2` if you need
// hints.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn vec_loop(mut v: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
for i in v.iter_mut() {
// TODO: Fill this up so that each element in the Vec `v` is
// multiplied by 2.
*i *= 2; // Need deref --> i is of type &mut i32
}
// At this point, `v` should be equal to [4, 8, 12, 16, 20].
@ -25,6 +24,7 @@ mod tests {
#[test]
fn test_vec_loop() {
// Cool use of iterator with filter and closure
let v: Vec<i32> = (1..).filter(|x| x % 2 == 0).take(5).collect();
let ans = vec_loop(v.clone());

View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
// I AM NOT DONE
fn average(values: &[f64]) -> f64 {
let total = values.iter().sum::<f64>();
let total = values.iter().fold(0.0, |a, b| a + b);
total / values.len()
}

View File

@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
// enums1.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint enums1` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
// TODO: define a few types of messages as used below
Quit,
Echo,
Move,
ChangeColor,
}
fn main() {

View File

@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
// enums2.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint enums2` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
// TODO: define the different variants used below
Move{ x: i32, y: i32 },
Echo(String),
ChangeColor(i32, i32, i32),
Quit,
}
impl Message {

View File

@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
// enums3.rs
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
// I AM NOT DONE
enum Message {
// TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below
ChangeColor((u8, u8, u8)),
Move(Point),
Echo(String),
Quit,
}
struct Point {
@ -37,6 +40,12 @@ impl State {
fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
// TODO: create a match expression to process the different message variants
match message {
Message::ChangeColor(color) => self.change_color(color),
Message::Move(p) => self.move_position(p),
Message::Echo(s) => self.echo(s),
Message::Quit => self.quit(),
}
}
}

View File

@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
// errors1.rs
// This function refuses to generate text to be printed on a nametag if
// you pass it an empty string. It'd be nicer if it explained what the problem
// was, instead of just sometimes returning `None`. Thankfully, Rust has a similar
// construct to `Option` that can be used to express error conditions. Let's use it!
// was, instead of just sometimes returning `None`. The 2nd test currently
// does not compile or pass, but it illustrates the behavior we would like
// this function to have.
// Execute `rustlings hint errors1` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn generate_nametag_text(name: String) -> Option<String> {
pub fn generate_nametag_text(name: String) -> Result<String, String> {
if name.len() > 0 {
Some(format!("Hi! My name is {}", name))
Ok(format!("Hi! My name is {}", name))
} else {
// Empty names aren't allowed.
None
Err("`name` was empty; it must be nonempty.".into())
}
}
@ -20,6 +19,9 @@ pub fn generate_nametag_text(name: String) -> Option<String> {
mod tests {
use super::*;
// This test passes initially if you comment out the 2nd test.
// You'll need to update what this test expects when you change
// the function under test!
#[test]
fn generates_nametag_text_for_a_nonempty_name() {
assert_eq!(

View File

@ -16,14 +16,12 @@
// There are at least two ways to implement this that are both correct-- but
// one is a lot shorter! Execute `rustlings hint errors2` for hints to both ways.
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::num::ParseIntError;
pub fn total_cost(item_quantity: &str) -> Result<i32, ParseIntError> {
let processing_fee = 1;
let cost_per_item = 5;
let qty = item_quantity.parse::<i32>();
let qty = item_quantity.parse::<i32>()?;
Ok(qty * cost_per_item + processing_fee)
}

View File

@ -4,11 +4,10 @@
// Why not? What should we do to fix it?
// Execute `rustlings hint errors3` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::num::ParseIntError;
use std::error::Error;
fn main() {
fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
let mut tokens = 100;
let pretend_user_input = "8";
@ -20,6 +19,8 @@ fn main() {
tokens -= cost;
println!("You now have {} tokens.", tokens);
}
Ok(())
}
pub fn total_cost(item_quantity: &str) -> Result<i32, ParseIntError> {

View File

@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
// errors4.rs
// Make this test pass! Execute `rustlings hint errors4` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
@ -14,6 +12,13 @@ enum CreationError {
impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
fn new(value: i64) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, CreationError> {
if value < 0 {
return Err(CreationError::Negative);
}
if value == 0 {
return Err(CreationError::Zero);
}
Ok(PositiveNonzeroInteger(value as u64))
}
}

View File

@ -4,14 +4,13 @@
// It won't compile right now! Why?
// Execute `rustlings hint errors5` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::error;
use std::fmt;
use std::num::ParseIntError;
use std::error::Error;
// TODO: update the return type of `main()` to make this compile.
fn main() -> Result<(), ParseIntError> {
// Boxing the errors works --> need to be able to handle two different error types
fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
let pretend_user_input = "42";
let x: i64 = pretend_user_input.parse()?;
println!("output={:?}", PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(x)?);

View File

@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
// Make these tests pass! Execute `rustlings hint errors6` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::num::ParseIntError;
// This is a custom error type that we will be using in `parse_pos_nonzero()`.
@ -20,7 +18,13 @@ enum ParsePosNonzeroError {
}
impl ParsePosNonzeroError {
fn from_creation(err: CreationError) -> ParsePosNonzeroError {
ParsePosNonzeroError::Creation(err)
}
// TODO: add another error conversion function here.
fn from_parse(err: ParseIntError) -> ParsePosNonzeroError {
ParsePosNonzeroError::ParseInt(err)
}
}
fn parse_pos_nonzero(s: &str)
@ -28,7 +32,10 @@ fn parse_pos_nonzero(s: &str)
{
// TODO: change this to return an appropriate error instead of panicking
// when `parse()` returns an error.
let x: i64 = s.parse().unwrap();
let x: i64 = s.parse()
.map_err(ParsePosNonzeroError::from_parse)?;
// Need map_err to match the correct error
// then ? does the unwrap handling
PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(x)
.map_err(ParsePosNonzeroError::from_creation)
}

View File

@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
// functions1.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
call_me();
}
fn call_me() {
println!("Found the function!")
}

View File

@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
// functions2.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
call_me(3);
}
fn call_me(num:) {
fn call_me(num: i32) {
for i in 0..num {
println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
}

View File

@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
// functions3.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
call_me();
call_me(7);
}
fn call_me(num: u32) {

View File

@ -4,14 +4,12 @@
// This store is having a sale where if the price is an even number, you get
// 10 Rustbucks off, but if it's an odd number, it's 3 Rustbucks off.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let original_price = 51;
println!("Your sale price is {}", sale_price(original_price));
}
fn sale_price(price: i32) -> {
fn sale_price(price: i32) -> i32 {
if is_even(price) {
price - 10
} else {

View File

@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
// functions5.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions5` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let answer = square(3);
println!("The answer is {}", answer);
}
fn square(num: i32) -> i32 {
num * num;
num * num
}

View File

@ -3,9 +3,7 @@
// Execute `rustlings hint generics1` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let mut shopping_list: Vec<?> = Vec::new();
let mut shopping_list: Vec<&str> = Vec::new();
shopping_list.push("milk");
}

View File

@ -3,14 +3,12 @@
// Execute `rustlings hint generics2` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
struct Wrapper {
value: u32,
struct Wrapper<T> {
value: T,
}
impl Wrapper {
pub fn new(value: u32) -> Self {
impl<T> Wrapper<T> {
pub fn new(value: T) -> Self {
Wrapper { value }
}
}

View File

@ -10,15 +10,14 @@
// Execute 'rustlings hint generics3' for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
pub struct ReportCard {
pub grade: f32,
pub struct ReportCard<T> {
pub grade: T,
pub student_name: String,
pub student_age: u8,
}
impl ReportCard {
// Need to have Display property so that we can use the print macro
impl<T: std::fmt::Display> ReportCard<T> {
pub fn print(&self) -> String {
format!("{} ({}) - achieved a grade of {}",
&self.student_name, &self.student_age, &self.grade)
@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ mod tests {
fn generate_alphabetic_report_card() {
// TODO: Make sure to change the grade here after you finish the exercise.
let report_card = ReportCard {
grade: 2.1,
grade: "A+",
student_name: "Gary Plotter".to_string(),
student_age: 11,
};

View File

@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
// if1.rs
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn bigger(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
// Complete this function to return the bigger number!
// Do not use:
// - another function call
// - additional variables
// Execute `rustlings hint if1` for hints
if a > b { a } else { b }
}
// Don't mind this for now :)

View File

@ -4,13 +4,14 @@
// Step 2: Get the bar_for_fuzz and default_to_baz tests passing!
// Execute the command `rustlings hint if2` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn fizz_if_foo(fizzish: &str) -> &str {
if fizzish == "fizz" {
"foo"
} else if fizzish == "fuzz" {
"bar"
} else {
1
"baz"
}
}

View File

@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
// ready for the next exercise, remove the `I AM NOT DONE` comment below.
// Execute the command `rustlings hint intro1` for a hint.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
println!("Hello and");
println!(r#" welcome to... "#);

View File

@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
// Make the code print a greeting to the world.
// Execute `rustlings hint intro2` for a hint.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
println!("Hello {}!");
let x = "World";
println!("Hello {}!", x);
}

View File

@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
// modules1.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
mod sausage_factory {
// Don't let anybody outside of this module see this!
fn get_secret_recipe() -> String {
String::from("Ginger")
}
fn make_sausage() {
pub fn make_sausage() {
get_secret_recipe();
println!("sausage!");
}

View File

@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
// 'use' and 'as' keywords. Fix these 'use' statements to make the code compile.
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
mod delicious_snacks {
// TODO: Fix these use statements
use self::fruits::PEAR as ???
use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as ???
pub use self::fruits::PEAR as fruit;
pub use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as veggie;
mod fruits {
pub const PEAR: &'static str = "Pear";

View File

@ -5,10 +5,8 @@
// from the std::time module. Bonus style points if you can do it with one line!
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
// TODO: Complete this use statement
use ???
use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
fn main() {
match SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH) {

View File

@ -3,4 +3,3 @@ mod move_semantics2;
mod move_semantics3;
mod move_semantics4;
mod move_semantics5;
mod move_semantics6;

View File

@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
// move_semantics1.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);

View File

@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
// move_semantics2.rs
// Make me compile without changing line 13 or moving line 10!
// Make me compile without changing line 13!
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
let mut vec0 = Vec::new();
let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
let mut vec1 = vec![22, 44, 66];
fill_vec(&mut vec0);
// Do not change the following line!
println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec0", vec0.len(), vec0);
@ -17,12 +16,8 @@ fn main() {
println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
}
fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
let mut vec = vec;
fn fill_vec(vec: &mut Vec<i32>) {
vec.push(22);
vec.push(44);
vec.push(66);
vec
}

View File

@ -3,12 +3,10 @@
// (no lines with multiple semicolons necessary!)
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
let mut vec0 = Vec::new();
let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
let mut vec1 = fill_vec(&mut vec0);
println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
@ -17,10 +15,10 @@ fn main() {
println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
}
fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
fn fill_vec(vec: &mut Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
vec.push(22);
vec.push(44);
vec.push(66);
vec
vec.to_vec()
}

View File

@ -4,12 +4,8 @@
// freshly created vector from fill_vec to its caller.
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics4` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
let mut vec1 = fill_vec();
println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
@ -20,7 +16,7 @@ fn main() {
// `fill_vec()` no longer takes `vec: Vec<i32>` as argument
fn fill_vec() -> Vec<i32> {
let mut vec = vec;
let mut vec = Vec::new();
vec.push(22);
vec.push(44);

View File

@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
// adding, changing or removing any of them.
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics5` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let mut x = 100;
let y = &mut x;
let z = &mut x;
*y += 100;
let z = &mut x;
*z += 1000;
assert_eq!(x, 1200);
}

View File

@ -2,24 +2,22 @@
// Make me compile! `rustlings hint move_semantics6` for hints
// You can't change anything except adding or removing references
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let data = "Rust is great!".to_string();
get_char(data);
get_char(&data);
string_uppercase(&data);
string_uppercase(data);
}
// Should not take ownership
fn get_char(data: String) -> char {
fn get_char(data: &String) -> char {
data.chars().last().unwrap()
}
// Should take ownership
fn string_uppercase(mut data: &String) {
data = &data.to_uppercase();
fn string_uppercase(mut data: String) {
data = data.to_uppercase();
println!("{}", data);
}

View File

@ -1,23 +1,21 @@
// option1.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option1` for hints
// I AM NOT DONE
// you can modify anything EXCEPT for this function's signature
fn print_number(maybe_number: Option<u16>) {
println!("printing: {}", maybe_number.unwrap());
}
fn main() {
print_number(13);
print_number(99);
print_number(Some(13));
print_number(Some(99));
let mut numbers: [Option<u16>; 5];
let mut numbers: [Option<u16>; 5] = [Some(0); 5];
for iter in 0..5 {
let number_to_add: u16 = {
((iter * 1235) + 2) / (4 * 16)
};
numbers[iter as usize] = number_to_add;
numbers[iter as usize] = Some(number_to_add);
}
}

View File

@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
// option2.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option2` for hints
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let optional_word = Some(String::from("rustlings"));
// TODO: Make this an if let statement whose value is "Some" type
word = optional_word {
if let Some(word) = optional_word {
println!("The word is: {}", word);
} else {
println!("The optional word doesn't contain anything");
@ -19,7 +17,7 @@ fn main() {
// TODO: make this a while let statement - remember that vector.pop also adds another layer of Option<T>
// You can stack `Option<T>`'s into while let and if let
integer = optional_integers_vec.pop() {
println!("current value: {}", integer);
while let Some(integer) = optional_integers_vec.pop() {
println!("current value: {}", integer.unwrap());
}
}

View File

@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
// option3.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option3` for hints
// I AM NOT DONE
struct Point {
x: i32,
y: i32,
@ -11,7 +9,7 @@ struct Point {
fn main() {
let y: Option<Point> = Some(Point { x: 100, y: 200 });
match y {
match &y {
Some(p) => println!("Co-ordinates are {},{} ", p.x, p.y),
_ => println!("no match"),
}

View File

@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
// No hints, there's no tricks, just get used to typing these :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
// Booleans (`bool`)
@ -12,7 +10,7 @@ fn main() {
println!("Good morning!");
}
let // Finish the rest of this line like the example! Or make it be false!
let is_evening = !is_morning;// Finish the rest of this line like the example! Or make it be false!
if is_evening {
println!("Good evening!");
}

View File

@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
// No hints, there's no tricks, just get used to typing these :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
// Characters (`char`)
@ -16,7 +14,7 @@ fn main() {
println!("Neither alphabetic nor numeric!");
}
let // Finish this line like the example! What's your favorite character?
let your_character = 'á';// Finish this line like the example! What's your favorite character?
// Try a letter, try a number, try a special character, try a character
// from a different language than your own, try an emoji!
if your_character.is_alphabetic() {

View File

@ -2,10 +2,8 @@
// Create an array with at least 100 elements in it where the ??? is.
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types3` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let a = ???
let a = [3; 100];
if a.len() >= 100 {
println!("Wow, that's a big array!");

View File

@ -2,13 +2,11 @@
// Get a slice out of Array a where the ??? is so that the test passes.
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types4` for hints!!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[test]
fn slice_out_of_array() {
let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
let nice_slice = ???
let nice_slice = &a[1..4];
assert_eq!([2, 3, 4], nice_slice)
}

View File

@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
// Destructure the `cat` tuple so that the println will work.
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types5` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let cat = ("Furry McFurson", 3.5);
let /* your pattern here */ = cat;
let (name, age) = cat;
println!("{} is {} years old.", name, age);
}

View File

@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
// You can put the expression for the second element where ??? is so that the test passes.
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types6` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[test]
fn indexing_tuple() {
let numbers = (1, 2, 3);
// Replace below ??? with the tuple indexing syntax.
let second = ???;
let second = numbers.1;
assert_eq!(2, second,
"This is not the 2nd number in the tuple!")

View File

@ -8,10 +8,15 @@
// more than 40 at once, each apple only costs 1! Write a function that calculates
// the price of an order of apples given the quantity bought. No hints this time!
// I AM NOT DONE
// Put your function here!
// fn calculate_apple_price {
fn calculate_apple_price(num_apples: i32) -> i32 {
if num_apples > 40 {
num_apples
} else {
2 * num_apples
}
}
// Don't modify this function!
#[test]

View File

@ -7,8 +7,6 @@
// you think each value is. That is, add either `string_slice` or `string`
// before the parentheses on each line. If you're right, it will compile!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn string_slice(arg: &str) {
println!("{}", arg);
}
@ -17,14 +15,14 @@ fn string(arg: String) {
}
fn main() {
???("blue");
???("red".to_string());
???(String::from("hi"));
???("rust is fun!".to_owned());
???("nice weather".into());
???(format!("Interpolation {}", "Station"));
???(&String::from("abc")[0..1]);
???(" hello there ".trim());
???("Happy Monday!".to_string().replace("Mon", "Tues"));
???("mY sHiFt KeY iS sTiCkY".to_lowercase());
string_slice("blue");
string("red".to_string());
string(String::from("hi"));
string("rust is fun!".to_owned());
string("nice weather".into());
string(format!("Interpolation {}", "Station"));
string_slice(&String::from("abc")[0..1]);
string_slice(" hello there ".trim());
string("Happy Monday!".to_string().replace("Mon", "Tues"));
string("mY sHiFt KeY iS sTiCkY".to_lowercase());
}

View File

@ -7,8 +7,6 @@
// we expect to get when we call `times_two` with a negative number.
// No hints, you can do this :)
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn times_two(num: i32) -> i32 {
num * 2
}
@ -19,12 +17,12 @@ mod tests {
#[test]
fn returns_twice_of_positive_numbers() {
assert_eq!(times_two(4), ???);
assert_eq!(times_two(4), 8);
}
#[test]
fn returns_twice_of_negative_numbers() {
// TODO replace unimplemented!() with an assert for `times_two(-4)`
unimplemented!()
assert_eq!(times_two(-4), -8);
}
}

View File

@ -32,7 +32,12 @@ fn main() {
for offset in 0..8 {
let child_numbers = // TODO
joinhandles.push(thread::spawn(move || {
let sum: u32 = child_numbers.iter().filter(|n| *n % 8 == offset).sum();
let mut i = offset;
let mut sum = 0;
while i < child_numbers.len() {
sum += child_numbers[i];
i += 8;
}
println!("Sum of offset {} is {}", offset, sum);
}));
}

View File

@ -16,11 +16,9 @@
//
// Execute `rustlings hint box1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
pub enum List {
Cons(i32, List),
Cons(i32, Box<List>),
Nil,
}
@ -33,11 +31,11 @@ fn main() {
}
pub fn create_empty_list() -> List {
unimplemented!()
List::Nil
}
pub fn create_non_empty_list() -> List {
unimplemented!()
List::Cons(3, Box::new(List::Nil))
}
#[cfg(test)]

View File

@ -2,13 +2,11 @@
// Make me compile without changing the function signature!
// Execute `rustlings hint strings1` for hints ;)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let answer = current_favorite_color();
println!("My current favorite color is {}", answer);
}
fn current_favorite_color() -> String {
"blue"
String::from("blue")
}

View File

@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
// Make me compile without changing the function signature!
// Execute `rustlings hint strings2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let word = String::from("green"); // Try not changing this line :)
if is_a_color_word(word) {
if is_a_color_word(&word) {
println!("That is a color word I know!");
} else {
println!("That is not a color word I know.");

View File

@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
// structs1.rs
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
// I AM NOT DONE
struct ColorClassicStruct {
// TODO: Something goes here
name: String,
hex: String,
}
struct ColorTupleStruct(/* TODO: Something goes here */);
struct ColorTupleStruct(String, String);
#[derive(Debug)]
struct UnitStruct;
@ -18,8 +17,10 @@ mod tests {
#[test]
fn classic_c_structs() {
// TODO: Instantiate a classic c struct!
// let green =
let green = ColorClassicStruct {
name: String::from("green"),
hex: String::from("#00FF00"),
};
assert_eq!(green.name, "green");
assert_eq!(green.hex, "#00FF00");
@ -27,8 +28,10 @@ mod tests {
#[test]
fn tuple_structs() {
// TODO: Instantiate a tuple struct!
// let green =
let green = ColorTupleStruct(
String::from("green"),
String::from("#00FF00"),
);
assert_eq!(green.0, "green");
assert_eq!(green.1, "#00FF00");
@ -36,8 +39,7 @@ mod tests {
#[test]
fn unit_structs() {
// TODO: Instantiate a unit struct!
// let unit_struct =
let unit_struct = UnitStruct;
let message = format!("{:?}s are fun!", unit_struct);
assert_eq!(message, "UnitStructs are fun!");

View File

@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
// structs2.rs
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Order {
@ -34,7 +33,9 @@ mod tests {
fn your_order() {
let order_template = create_order_template();
// TODO: Create your own order using the update syntax and template above!
// let your_order =
let mut your_order = create_order_template();
your_order.name = String::from("Hacker in Rust");
your_order.count = 1;
assert_eq!(your_order.name, "Hacker in Rust");
assert_eq!(your_order.year, order_template.year);
assert_eq!(your_order.made_by_phone, order_template.made_by_phone);

View File

@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
// Make the code compile and the tests pass!
// If you have issues execute `rustlings hint structs3`
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Package {
sender_country: String,
@ -16,7 +14,7 @@ struct Package {
impl Package {
fn new(sender_country: String, recipient_country: String, weight_in_grams: i32) -> Package {
if weight_in_grams <= 0 {
// panic statement goes here...
panic!("Negative weight not allowed!")
} else {
Package {
sender_country,
@ -26,12 +24,12 @@ impl Package {
}
}
fn is_international(&self) -> ??? {
// Something goes here...
fn is_international(&self) -> bool {
self.sender_country != self.recipient_country
}
fn get_fees(&self, cents_per_gram: i32) -> ??? {
// Something goes here...
fn get_fees(&self, cents_per_gram: i32) -> i32 {
self.weight_in_grams * cents_per_gram
}
}

View File

@ -6,12 +6,10 @@
// This test has a problem with it -- make the test compile! Make the test
// pass! Make the test fail! Execute `rustlings hint tests1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#[test]
fn you_can_assert() {
assert!();
assert!(true);
}
}

View File

@ -2,12 +2,10 @@
// This test has a problem with it -- make the test compile! Make the test
// pass! Make the test fail! Execute `rustlings hint tests2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#[test]
fn you_can_assert_eq() {
assert_eq!();
assert_eq!(1, 1);
}
}

View File

@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
// we expect to get when we call `is_even(5)`.
// Execute `rustlings hint tests3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn is_even(num: i32) -> bool {
num % 2 == 0
}
@ -16,11 +14,11 @@ mod tests {
#[test]
fn is_true_when_even() {
assert!();
assert!(is_even(2));
}
#[test]
fn is_false_when_odd() {
assert!();
assert!(!is_even(3));
}
}

View File

@ -8,14 +8,16 @@
// which appends "Bar" to any object
// implementing this trait.
// I AM NOT DONE
trait AppendBar {
fn append_bar(self) -> Self;
}
impl AppendBar for String {
//Add your code here
fn append_bar(mut self) -> Self {
self.push_str("Bar");
self
}
}
fn main() {

View File

@ -10,13 +10,17 @@
// No boiler plate code this time,
// you can do this!
// I AM NOT DONE
trait AppendBar {
fn append_bar(self) -> Self;
}
//TODO: Add your code here
impl AppendBar for Vec<String> {
fn append_bar(mut self) -> Self {
self.push(String::from("Bar"));
self
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {

View File

@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
// Make me compile!
// Execute the command `rustlings hint variables1` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
x = 5;
let x = 5;
println!("x has the value {}", x);
}

View File

@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
// variables2.rs
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables2` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x;
let x = 0;
if x == 10 {
println!("Ten!");
} else {

View File

@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
// variables3.rs
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables3` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x = 3;
let mut x = 3;
println!("Number {}", x);
x = 5; // don't change this line
println!("Number {}", x);

View File

@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
// variables4.rs
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables4` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x: i32;
let x: i32 = 7;
println!("Number {}", x);
}

View File

@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
// variables5.rs
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables5` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // don't change this line
println!("Spell a Number : {}", number);
number = 3;
let number = 3;
println!("Number plus two is : {}", number + 2);
}

View File

@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
// variables6.rs
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables6` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
const NUMBER = 3;
const NUMBER: i32 = 3;
fn main() {
println!("Number {}", NUMBER);
}

View File

@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Carefully reason about the range in which each mutable reference is in
scope. Does it help to update the value of referent (x) immediately after
vogue. Does it help to update the value of referent (x) immediately after
the mutable reference is taken? Read more about 'Mutable References'
in the book's section References and Borrowing':
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html#mutable-references.
@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ name = "errors1"
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
`Ok` and `Err` are one of the variants of `Result`, so what the tests are saying
`Err` is one of the variants of `Result`, so what the 2nd test is saying
is that `generate_nametag_text` should return a `Result` instead of an
`Option`.
@ -500,7 +500,9 @@ To make this change, you'll need to:
- change the body of the function to return `Ok(stuff)` where it currently
returns `Some(stuff)`
- change the body of the function to return `Err(error message)` where it
currently returns `None`"""
currently returns `None`
- change the first test to expect `Ok(stuff)` where it currently expects
`Some(stuff)`."""
[[exercises]]
name = "errors2"

View File

@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ function vercomp($v1, $v2) {
}
$rustVersion = $(rustc --version).Split(" ")[1]
$minRustVersion = "1.56"
$minRustVersion = "1.39"
if ((vercomp $rustVersion $minRustVersion) -eq 2) {
Write-Host "WARNING: Rust version is too old: $rustVersion - needs at least $minRustVersion"
Write-Host "Please update Rust with 'rustup update'"

View File

@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail
echo "Let's get you set up with Rustlings!"
@ -75,21 +74,6 @@ function vercomp() {
then
max_len=$len2
fi
#pad right in short arr
if [[ len1 -gt len2 ]];
then
for ((i = len2; i < len1; i++));
do
v2[$i]=0
done
else
for ((i = len1; i < len2; i++));
do
v1[$i]=0
done
fi
for i in `seq 0 $max_len`
do
# Fill empty fields with zeros in v1
@ -115,9 +99,9 @@ function vercomp() {
}
RustVersion=$(rustc --version | cut -d " " -f 2)
MinRustVersion=1.56
vercomp "$RustVersion" $MinRustVersion || ec=$?
if [ ${ec:-0} -eq 2 ]
MinRustVersion=1.39
vercomp $RustVersion $MinRustVersion
if [ $? -eq 2 ]
then
echo "ERROR: Rust version is too old: $RustVersion - needs at least $MinRustVersion"
echo "Please update Rust with 'rustup update'"
@ -128,9 +112,9 @@ fi
Path=${1:-rustlings/}
echo "Cloning Rustlings at $Path..."
git clone -q https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings "$Path"
git clone -q https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings $Path
cd "$Path"
cd $Path
Version=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest | ${PY} -c "import json,sys;obj=json.load(sys.stdin);print(obj['tag_name']);")
CargoBin="${CARGO_HOME:-$HOME/.cargo}/bin"

View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ mod run;
mod verify;
// In sync with crate version
const VERSION: &str = "4.7.1";
const VERSION: &str = "4.6.0";
#[derive(FromArgs, PartialEq, Debug)]
/// Rustlings is a collection of small exercises to get you used to writing and reading Rust code
@ -108,7 +108,15 @@ fn main() {
}
if args.nested.is_none() {
println!("\n{}\n", WELCOME);
println!();
println!(r#" welcome to... "#);
println!(r#" _ _ _ "#);
println!(r#" _ __ _ _ ___| |_| (_)_ __ __ _ ___ "#);
println!(r#" | '__| | | / __| __| | | '_ \ / _` / __| "#);
println!(r#" | | | |_| \__ \ |_| | | | | | (_| \__ \ "#);
println!(r#" |_| \__,_|___/\__|_|_|_| |_|\__, |___/ "#);
println!(r#" |___/ "#);
println!();
}
if !Path::new("info.toml").exists() {
@ -132,7 +140,8 @@ fn main() {
let verbose = args.nocapture;
let command = args.nested.unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("{}\n", DEFAULT_OUT);
let text = fs::read_to_string("default_out.txt").unwrap();
println!("{}", text);
std::process::exit(0);
});
match command {
@ -155,7 +164,9 @@ fn main() {
"Pending"
};
let solve_cond = {
(e.looks_done() && subargs.solved) || (!e.looks_done() && subargs.unsolved) || (!subargs.solved && !subargs.unsolved)
(e.looks_done() && subargs.solved)
|| (!e.looks_done() && subargs.unsolved)
|| (!subargs.solved && !subargs.unsolved)
};
if solve_cond && (filter_cond || subargs.filter.is_none()) {
let line = if subargs.paths {
@ -203,18 +214,54 @@ fn main() {
}
Subcommands::Verify(_subargs) => {
verify(&exercises, (0, exercises.len()), verbose).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
verify(&exercises, verbose).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
}
Subcommands::Watch(_subargs) => match watch(&exercises, verbose) {
Err(e) => {
println!("Error: Could not watch your progress. Error message was {:?}.", e);
println!(
"Error: Could not watch your progress. Error message was {:?}.",
e
);
println!("Most likely you've run out of disk space or your 'inotify limit' has been reached.");
std::process::exit(1);
}
Ok(WatchStatus::Finished) => {
println!("{emoji} All exercises completed! {emoji}", emoji = Emoji("🎉", ""));
println!("\n{}\n", FENISH_LINE);
println!(
"{emoji} All exercises completed! {emoji}",
emoji = Emoji("🎉", "")
);
println!();
println!("+----------------------------------------------------+");
println!("| You made it to the Fe-nish line! |");
println!("+-------------------------- ------------------------+");
println!(" \\/ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ░░▒▒▒▒░░▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒░░▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓ ▓▓██ ▓▓ ▓▓██ ▓▓ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ");
println!(" ▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ████ ▒▒ ████ ▒▒░░ ▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▓▓▓▓▓▓▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▓▓▒▒▓▓▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒██▒▒▒▒▒▒██▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒██████▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!(" ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ");
println!();
println!("We hope you enjoyed learning about the various aspects of Rust!");
println!(
"If you noticed any issues, please don't hesitate to report them to our repo."
);
println!(
"You can also contribute your own exercises to help the greater community!"
);
println!();
println!("Before reporting an issue or contributing, please read our guidelines:");
println!("https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md");
}
Ok(WatchStatus::Unfinished) => {
println!("We hope you're enjoying learning about Rust!");
@ -224,7 +271,10 @@ fn main() {
}
}
fn spawn_watch_shell(failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>, should_quit: Arc<AtomicBool>) {
fn spawn_watch_shell(
failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>,
should_quit: Arc<AtomicBool>,
) {
let failed_exercise_hint = Arc::clone(failed_exercise_hint);
println!("Welcome to watch mode! You can type 'help' to get an overview of the commands you can use here.");
thread::spawn(move || loop {
@ -261,16 +311,22 @@ fn spawn_watch_shell(failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>, should_q
fn find_exercise<'a>(name: &str, exercises: &'a [Exercise]) -> &'a Exercise {
if name.eq("next") {
exercises.iter().find(|e| !e.looks_done()).unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("🎉 Congratulations! You have done all the exercises!");
println!("🔚 There are no more exercises to do next!");
std::process::exit(1)
})
exercises
.iter()
.find(|e| !e.looks_done())
.unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("🎉 Congratulations! You have done all the exercises!");
println!("🔚 There are no more exercises to do next!");
std::process::exit(1)
})
} else {
exercises.iter().find(|e| e.name == name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("No exercise found for '{}'!", name);
std::process::exit(1)
})
exercises
.iter()
.find(|e| e.name == name)
.unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("No exercise found for '{}'!", name);
std::process::exit(1)
})
}
}
@ -295,7 +351,7 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<WatchStatus> {
clear_screen();
let to_owned_hint = |t: &Exercise| t.hint.to_owned();
let failed_exercise_hint = match verify(exercises.iter(), (0, exercises.len()), verbose) {
let failed_exercise_hint = match verify(exercises.iter(), verbose) {
Ok(_) => return Ok(WatchStatus::Finished),
Err(exercise) => Arc::new(Mutex::new(Some(to_owned_hint(exercise)))),
};
@ -308,11 +364,15 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<WatchStatus> {
let filepath = b.as_path().canonicalize().unwrap();
let pending_exercises = exercises
.iter()
.find(|e| filepath.ends_with(&e.path)).into_iter()
.chain(exercises.iter().filter(|e| !e.looks_done() && !filepath.ends_with(&e.path)));
let num_done = exercises.iter().filter(|e| e.looks_done()).count();
.skip_while(|e| !filepath.ends_with(&e.path))
// .filter(|e| filepath.ends_with(&e.path))
.chain(
exercises
.iter()
.filter(|e| !e.looks_done() && !filepath.ends_with(&e.path)),
);
clear_screen();
match verify(pending_exercises, (num_done, exercises.len()), verbose) {
match verify(pending_exercises, verbose) {
Ok(_) => return Ok(WatchStatus::Finished),
Err(exercise) => {
let mut failed_exercise_hint = failed_exercise_hint.lock().unwrap();
@ -344,64 +404,3 @@ fn rustc_exists() -> bool {
.map(|status| status.success())
.unwrap_or(false)
}
const DEFAULT_OUT: &str = r#"Thanks for installing Rustlings!
Is this your first time? Don't worry, Rustlings was made for beginners! We are
going to teach you a lot of things about Rust, but before we can get
started, here's a couple of notes about how Rustlings operates:
1. The central concept behind Rustlings is that you solve exercises. These
exercises usually have some sort of syntax error in them, which will cause
them to fail compilation or testing. Sometimes there's a logic error instead
of a syntax error. No matter what error, it's your job to find it and fix it!
You'll know when you fixed it because then, the exercise will compile and
Rustlings will be able to move on to the next exercise.
2. If you run Rustlings in watch mode (which we recommend), it'll automatically
start with the first exercise. Don't get confused by an error message popping
up as soon as you run Rustlings! This is part of the exercise that you're
supposed to solve, so open the exercise file in an editor and start your
detective work!
3. If you're stuck on an exercise, there is a helpful hint you can view by typing
'hint' (in watch mode), or running `rustlings hint exercise_name`.
4. If an exercise doesn't make sense to you, feel free to open an issue on GitHub!
(https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new). We look at every issue,
and sometimes, other learners do too so you can help each other out!
Got all that? Great! To get started, run `rustlings watch` in order to get the first
exercise. Make sure to have your editor open!"#;
const FENISH_LINE: &str = r#"+----------------------------------------------------+
| You made it to the Fe-nish line! |
+-------------------------- ------------------------+
\\/
We hope you enjoyed learning about the various aspects of Rust!
If you noticed any issues, please don't hesitate to report them to our repo.
You can also contribute your own exercises to help the greater community!
Before reporting an issue or contributing, please read our guidelines:
https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md"#;
const WELCOME: &str = r#" welcome to...
_ _ _
_ __ _ _ ___| |_| (_)_ __ __ _ ___
| '__| | | / __| __| | | '_ \ / _` / __|
| | | |_| \__ \ |_| | | | | | (_| \__ \
|_| \__,_|___/\__|_|_|_| |_|\__, |___/
|___/"#;

View File

@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub fn run(exercise: &Exercise, verbose: bool) -> Result<(), ()> {
// This is strictly for non-test binaries, so output is displayed
fn compile_and_run(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise));
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compilation_result = exercise.compile();
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ fn compile_and_run(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
}
};
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise));
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise).as_str());
let result = compilation.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();

View File

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
use crate::exercise::{CompiledExercise, Exercise, Mode, State};
use console::style;
use indicatif::{ProgressBar, ProgressStyle};
use indicatif::ProgressBar;
use std::env;
// Verify that the provided container of Exercise objects
@ -9,18 +9,10 @@ use std::env;
// If the Exercise being verified is a test, the verbose boolean
// determines whether or not the test harness outputs are displayed.
pub fn verify<'a>(
exercises: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Exercise>,
progress: (usize, usize),
start_at: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Exercise>,
verbose: bool,
) -> Result<(), &'a Exercise> {
let (num_done, total) = progress;
let bar = ProgressBar::new(total as u64);
bar.set_style(ProgressStyle::default_bar()
.template("Progress: [{bar:60.green/red}] {pos}/{len}")
.progress_chars("#>-")
);
bar.set_position(num_done as u64);
for exercise in exercises {
for exercise in start_at {
let compile_result = match exercise.mode {
Mode::Test => compile_and_test(exercise, RunMode::Interactive, verbose),
Mode::Compile => compile_and_run_interactively(exercise),
@ -29,7 +21,6 @@ pub fn verify<'a>(
if !compile_result.unwrap_or(false) {
return Err(exercise);
}
bar.inc(1);
}
Ok(())
}
@ -48,24 +39,25 @@ pub fn test(exercise: &Exercise, verbose: bool) -> Result<(), ()> {
// Invoke the rust compiler without running the resulting binary
fn compile_only(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise));
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let _ = compile(exercise, &progress_bar)?;
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
success!("Successfully compiled {}!", exercise);
Ok(prompt_for_completion(exercise, None))
}
// Compile the given Exercise and run the resulting binary in an interactive mode
fn compile_and_run_interactively(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise));
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compilation = compile(exercise, &progress_bar)?;
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise));
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise).as_str());
let result = compilation.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
@ -79,6 +71,8 @@ fn compile_and_run_interactively(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
}
};
success!("Successfully ran {}!", exercise);
Ok(prompt_for_completion(exercise, Some(output.stdout)))
}
@ -86,7 +80,7 @@ fn compile_and_run_interactively(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
// the output if verbose is set to true
fn compile_and_test(exercise: &Exercise, run_mode: RunMode, verbose: bool) -> Result<bool, ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Testing {}...", exercise));
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Testing {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compilation = compile(exercise, &progress_bar)?;
@ -98,6 +92,7 @@ fn compile_and_test(exercise: &Exercise, run_mode: RunMode, verbose: bool) -> Re
if verbose {
println!("{}", output.stdout);
}
success!("Successfully tested {}", &exercise);
if let RunMode::Interactive = run_mode {
Ok(prompt_for_completion(exercise, None))
} else {
@ -143,12 +138,6 @@ fn prompt_for_completion(exercise: &Exercise, prompt_output: Option<String>) ->
State::Pending(context) => context,
};
match exercise.mode {
Mode::Compile => success!("Successfully ran {}!", exercise),
Mode::Test => success!("Successfully tested {}!", exercise),
Mode::Clippy => success!("Successfully compiled {}!", exercise),
}
let no_emoji = env::var("NO_EMOJI").is_ok();
let clippy_success_msg = if no_emoji {

View File

@ -125,9 +125,6 @@ fn get_hint_for_single_test() {
fn all_exercises_require_confirmation() {
for exercise in glob("exercises/**/*.rs").unwrap() {
let path = exercise.unwrap();
if path.file_name().unwrap() == "mod.rs" {
continue
}
let source = {
let mut file = File::open(&path).unwrap();
let mut s = String::new();